Introduction: The Surprising Constitution / Howard Kislowicz, Richard Moon, and Kerri A. Froc Part 1: Surprises of Underdevelopment 1 The "Supremacy of God" Clause: A Surprisingly Empty Political Theory / Howard Kislowicz 2 Peaceful Assembly's Surprising Underdevelopment: Contributing Factors and Resulting Issues / Basil S. Alexander 3 A Law in Rupture: Section 28, Equal Rights, and the Constitutionality of Quebec's Bill 21 / Kerri A. Froc 4 Language Rights in Canada's Constitutional Tapestry: An Unfinished Quilt / Caroline Magnan 5 The Right to Vote: Section 3 at Forty / Michael Pal 6 Much Ado about Ford? Section 33 and the Laicity Act / Louis-Philippe Lampron Part 2: Unexpected Uses of Constitutional Provisions 7 Freedom of Expression: The Constitutional Eclipse? / Benjamin Oliphant 8 The "Stiff-Necked Parson" and the "Stiff-Necked" State: Religious Freedom and the Protection of State Power and Authority / Ashleigh Keall 9 Limits on Rights: The Myth of Balancing / Richard Moon Part 3: Disappointments in Women's Equality, Fundamental Justice, and Indigenous Rights 10 Women's Charter Equality at the Supreme Court of Canada: Surprising Losses or Anticipated Failures? / Jennifer Koshan and Jonnette Watson Hamilton 11 Wizened Stump or Living Tree? Section 7 Principles of Fundamental Justice / Martha Jackman 12 Recognition and Affirmation of Treaty and Aboriginal Rights under Section 35: An Intrusion on Indigenous Identity, Treaties, and Lands in Canada / Aimée Craft Part 4: Expansions in Multiculturalism, Freedom of Association, and Legislative Choice 13 A Surprisingly Positive Impact: Section 27 and the Preservation of Equality within Diversity / Natasha Bakht 14 Taking a Mulligan: Freedom of Association / Fay Faraday 15 Enduring Wisdom: The Purposive Approach to Charter Interpretation / Vanessa MacDonnell.