Despite widespread acknowledgement that poverty and inequality are enduring features of the twenty-first century, a comprehensive collection detailing the multiple ways in which poverty and inequality are manifest, the manner in which they have been conceptualised and addressed, the debates that have and continue to rage over their measurement, and the key issues with which they are intersect, has yet to be produced.  This handbook offers readers a state-of-the-art overview of current research and thinking in the area comprising contributions by leading thinkers for use by advanced undergraduates, graduate students, libraries, researchers and policymakers across the globe. The handbook is organised into four sections topped with an overview and guide to the subject matter by the editors. Section one provides an essential overviews of the history, geography and extent of global poverty and inequality as well as current and historical ideas about their amelioration. Section two explores key concepts in the field. Section three explores the intersection of issues of global poverty and inequality with the environment, conflict, gender, ethics, hunger and food security, health, employment and radicalisation. Section four provides key essays on the most prominent ways in which resources have been mobilised to eradicate poverty and attenuate inequality. .