Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Abbreviations and Sigla 1 Introduction A Background B Literature Survey C English Translations D Textual Evidence E The Sample F Research Challenge 2 Methodology A Background B Three-staged Procedure C Database 3 Analysis of Sample Chapters I Genesis 49 II Habakkuk 3 III Psalm 139 IV Proverbs 14 V General Conclusions 4 Para-textual Elements of the Masoretic Text A Ketib-Qere B Extraordinary Points C Corrections of the Scribes D General Conclusions 5 Conjectural Emendation A Overview B Textual Data C Commentary on the Textual Data D Conclusions 6 Influence from the Qumran Scrolls I Isaiah 14 & 49 II 1 Samuel 1-3 III General Conclusions 7 Revision Lines within the English Translations A Identifying and Classifying Revisions B Analysis C Historical Trends 8 Results: The Textual Basis of English Translations A Eclecticism in the ETs: History and Typology B A Varying Textual Basis C Linguistic Amelioration D Theoretical Considerations 9 Implications for Future Translations A Text Projects and Critical Editions B The Text to Be Translated C Toward Consensus and a Common Text D Cultural Considerations 10 Conclusions A Summary B Suggestions for Further Research Addendum A English Translations: The Early 21st Century B Text Projects and Critical Editions: A 2018 Update Bibliography Index of Textual Problems Discussed.