Contents Preface Acknowledgments Units and Conversions Chapter 1: Introduction 1. The Great Acceleration and the Just Transition 2. The Centrality of Water -2.1. Water and the Human Spirit -2.2. Water as a Human Right -2.3.
Water Use -2.4. Water as a Resource -2.5. Water and Global Development -2.6. The Water-Energy Nexus -2.7.
Water and Ecosystems 3. The Water Hard Path and the Global Water Crisis 4. A Water Ethic: Justice and Sustainability -4.1 Justice -4.2 Sustainability 5. How We Get There: Infrastructure, Institutions, Incentives, and Information PART I: Water Availability and Use: Supply and Demand, Scarcity and Change Chapter 2: Water Availability: Spatial and Temporal Variability 1. Global Stocks and Flows 2. Spatial Variation in Water Availability 3.
Temporal Variation in Water Availability -3.1. Hydrographs -3.2. Flow Duration Curves -3.3. Flood Frequency Analysis -3.4.
Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency Curves 4. Drought -4.1. Defining Drought -4.2. Causes of Drought -4.3. The Great Drought and the Dust Bowl: The Role of Management -4.
4. Paleoclimatology and Megadroughts Chapter 3: Global and Local Change: The End of Stationarity 1. Climate Change -1.1. Theory and Prediction -1.2. Observation -1.3.
Indirect Effects 2. Land-Use Change -2.1. Deforestation: Watershed Effects -2.2. Deforestation: Impacts on Precipitation -2.3. Managing Forests for Water Supply -2.
4. Desertification -2.5. Urbanization 3. Managing Change Chapter 4: Water Use: From Ancient to Modern Times 1. Premodern Agriculture -1.1. Large-River Irrigation -1.
2. Small-River Irrigation -1.3. Runoff Farming -1.4. Groundwater Use -1.5. Wetlands and Springs -1.
6. Water Storage 2. Premodern Urban Water Supply 3. Modern Water Management -3.1. The Hard Path -3.2. US Water Management: From Hard to Soft -3.
3. Water in the Global Development Agenda 4. Water Use in the Modern Era: A Quantitative Analysis -4.1. Definitions -4.2. Water Footprints -4.3.
Global and US Water Use Chapter 5: Water Scarcity and Depletion: Are We Reaching the Limits of Our Supply? 1. Scarcity Indicators -1.1. Falkenmark and WTA Indicators -1.2. Incorporating Environmental Flows -1.3. Utility Shortage -1.
4. Economic Water Scarcity 2. Assessing Water Scarcity 3. Surface Water Depletion -3.1. Shrinking Lakes -3.2. River Depletion and Altered Flow Regimes 4.
Groundwater Use and Overuse -4.1. Groundwater Pumping -4.2. The Extent of Groundwater Depletion -4.3. Groundwater Depletion in California''s Central Valley 5. Managing Water Scarcity PART II: Instream Water Management: Rivers and Dams, Flooding and Hydropower Chapter 6: Instream Uses: Navigation, Hydropower, Fishing, and Recreation 1.
Navigation 2. Water Power -2.1. History of Water Power -2.2. Hydroelectric Power -2.3. Hydropower: Renewable Energy? -2.
4. Sustainable Hydropower 3. Fishing 4. Recreation Chapter 7: Flood Management: Learning to Live With "Too Much" Water 1. Types of Floods 2. Flooding Impacts and Trends 3. Flood Hazard 4. Flood Exposure 5.
Flood Vulnerability -5.1. Structural Flood Control -5.2. The Levee Effect: The Illusion of Dryness -5.3. Benefit-Cost Analysis 6. The Way Forward -6.
1. Building in Floodplains: The Problem -6.2. The NFIP: The Solution? -6.3. Buyouts and Managed Retreat Chapter 8: Water Quality and the Clean Water Act 1. Water Quality and Health 2. The Clean Water Act -2.
1. Addressing Chemical Pressures -2.2. Defining and Meeting Water Quality Goals -2.3. Incorporating Nonchemical Stressors -2.4. Effectiveness of the Clean Water Act 3.
Other US Environmental Laws Chapter 9: Dams and Their Discontents: Are the Benefits Worth the Costs? 1. Dam Basics -1.1. Types of Dams -1.2. Dam Components and Terminology -1.3. Managing Reservoirs for Multiple Purposes -1.
4. Reservoir Storage-Yield Relationships 2. The Dam Debate: The Changing Attitudes of the Past Century -2.1. The Dam-Building Era(s) -2.2. From Zeal to Skepticism in the Twentieth Century -2.3.
The World Commission on Dams and Its Aftermath 3. Snapshot of US and Global Dams -3.1. How Many Dams Are There? -3.2. What Are Dams Used For, and Who Manages Them? -3.3. How Has Storage Volume Changed Over Time? 4.
Ecological Impacts of Dams 5. Social Impacts of Dams -5.1. Population Displacement -5.2. Dam Safety 6. Building the Right Dams and Managing Them the Right Way -6.1.
Building Better Dams -6.2. Managing Dams Better 7. Dam Removal 8. Aqueducts PART III: Water Governance: Allocation and Reallocation, Cooperation and Conflict Chapter 10: Water Allocation: Sharing the Common Pool 1. Water as a Common-Pool Resource -1.1. Economic Efficiency in Water Allocation -1.
2. CPRs and the Tragedy of the Commons -1.3. Ostrom and Community Management 2. Water Allocation in the United States -2.1. The Riparian Doctrine -2.2.
Regulated Riparianism -2.3. Prior Appropriation -2.4. Groundwater Allocation -2.5. Reserved Rights -2.6.
Interstate Water Allocation Chapter 11: Reallocation and Coordination for Improved Water Governance 1. Reallocation for Cities, Tribes, and the Environment -1.1. Water Markets -1.2. Negotiating Ag-to-Urban Reallocation -1.3. Environmental Flow Requirements -1.
4. Legal Tools for EFRs -1.5. WaterBack: Decolonizing Water Management 2. Coordination and Planning -2.1. State Coordination and Planning -2.2.
Interstate Coordination and Planning Chapter 12: Transboundary Water Management: Conflict and Cooperation 1. Introduction to Water Conflict 2. International Basins and Aquifers -2.1. The Extent of Transboundary Waters -2.2. International Law of Transboundary Waters -2.3.
Water Wars or Water Peace? -2.4. Drivers of Water Conflict -2.5. Building Institutional Resilience 3. Nonstate Water Conflicts PART IV: Offstream Water Use: Cities and Farms, Mines and Factories Chapter 13: Beyond Dams: Old and New Solutions for Water Supply 1. Desalination 2. Wastewater Reuse 3.
Water Harvesting 4. Aquifer Storage 5. Energy for Water Supply 6. Summary Chapter 14: Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Health: Water 3.0 1. Water and Infectious Disease 2. History of Urban Water and Sanitation -2.1.
Ancient and Medieval Sanitation and Drainage -2.2. Epidemics and the Sanitary Revolution -2.3. The American Experience 3. Water 3.0: Drinking Water and Sanitation in the US -3.1.
Defining Safe Drinking Water -3.2. Source Protection -3.3. Water Treatment -3.4. The Distribution System -3.5.
Urban Sanitation -3.6. Combined Sewers -3.7. Rural Sanitation 4. Evaluating Water 3.0 -4.1.
Health Effects -4.2. Disparities in Access -4.3. Utility Structure -4.4. The Rise of Bottled Water -4.5.
The Problem of Linear Flows Chapter 15: Urban Water Management: Water Conservation, Stormwater Management, and Beyond 1. Defining and Achieving Reliability 2. Conservation -2.1. How Much Do We Use? -2.2. Tools for Conservation 3. Pricing -3.
1. Cost Recovery -3.2. Conservation -3.3. Affordability -3.4. Rate Structures 4.
Reuse and Decentralization 5. Urban Stormwater Management -5.1. Stormwater and the Urban Stream Syndrome -5.2. Urban Stream Restoration -5.3. Legal and Financial Tools for Stormwater Management Chapter 16: Water, Sanitation, and Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Leaving No One Behind 1.
Water and Sustainable Development -1.1. The Burdens of Inadequate WASH -1.2. WASH Goals 2. Drinking Water -2.1. From Goals to Indicators -2.
2. Where We Stand -2.3. Affordability 3. Sanitation -3.1. Sanitation Solutions -3.2.
From Goals to Indicators -3.3. Where We Stand 4. Hygiene 5. The Way Forward 6. WASH Funding -6.1 Tariffs -6.2 Taxes -6.
3 Transfers Chapter 17: Industrial Water Use: Our Invisible Water Footprints 1. Water for Energy -1.1. Water for Electricity -1.2. Water for Transportation -1.3. Pollution from Energy Production 2.
Water for Manufacturing -2.1. Direct Water Use -2.2. Upstream and Downstream Water Use -2.3. Pollution from Manufacturing 3. Water and Mining 4.
Corporate Water Stewardship Chapter 18: Agricultural Water Use: Water''s Central Role in Our Food Supply 1. From the Green Revolution to Sustainable Intensification 2. Water and Agriculture: Overview -2.1. Water Use in Global Agriculture -2.2. How Much Agricultural Water Do We Need? 3. What We Eat -3.
1. Water Footprints of Various Foods -3.2. Animal Products: A Closer Look -3.3. Sustainability of Blue Water Use 4. Where We Grow It 5. How We Use Water -5.
1. Irrigation