VOLUME 1 Preface Acknowledgments Introduction Chronology Government and Politics Overview Essay Austria Babenberg Dynasty (976-1246) Baden Bavaria Bohemia Brandenburg Burgundy Carolingian Dynasty (750-887) Cleves Feudal Politics Franconia Habsburg Dynasty (1273-1918) Hanover Hesse Hohenstaufen Dynasty (1138-1254) Hohenzollern Dynasty (1415-1918) Hungary Italy (Lombardy, Papal States, Sicily) Lowlands Luxembourg Dynasty (1308-1437) Palatinate Prussia Salian Dynasty (1024-1125) Saxony Swabia Switzerland Tyrol Welf Dynasty (1070-1918) Wittelsbach Dynasty (1124-1918) Württemberg (1089-1918) Organization and Administration Overview Essay Banks and Banking Circles ( Kreise ) Cities Coinage and Currency Conciliarism Counts and Counties Diets Diplomacy Duchies Economics Electoral Princes Electors and Elections Emperor Empire ( Reich ) Empress/Queen Estates Excommunication Imperial Aulic Council (Imperial Privy Council, Reichshofrat ) Imperial Chamber Court ( Reichskammergericht ) Imperial Chancellery King/Kingdom Laws and Courts March Markets and Trade Ministerials Papacy Perpetual Diet ( Immerwährender Reichstag ) of Regensburg Postal Service, Imperial Prince-Bishoprics Public Peace ( Landfrieden ) Taxes and Tolls Individuals Overview Essay Augustus II "the Strong" Wettin of Saxony (1670-1733) Charlemagne (747-814) Charles IV, King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1346-1378) Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1519-1556) Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1711-1740) Conrad III Staufen, King of Germany (r. 1138-1152) Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736) Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1619-1637) Franz II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1792-1806) Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1155-1190) Frederick II of Germany and Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor (r.
1220-1250) Frederick II "the Great," King of Prussia (r. 1740-1786) Frederick III Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1452-1493) Frederick William, "The Great Elector" (1620-1688) Frederick William I, King of Prussia (r. 1713-1740) Henry I "the Fowler" (876-936) Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1002-1024) Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1056-1105) Henry "the Lion" of Saxony (1129-1195) Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1765-1790) Leo IX, Pope (r. 1049-1054) Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (r.
1658-1705) Luther, Martin (1483-1546) Maria Theresia, Archduchess of Austria (r. 1740-1780) Maximilian I Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1493-1519) Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464) Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 962-973) Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 996-1002) Rudolf I (r. 1273-1291) Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1576-1612) Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1433-1437) Wallenstein, Albrecht (1583-1634) Wenceslaus IV (1361-1419) Groups and Organizations Overview Essay Anabaptists Calvinists Catholic League (1609-1635) Clergy Fugger Family (1367-ca.
1650) Guelphs and Ghibellines Guilds Hanseatic League Heretics Humanists Hussites Imperial Abbeys Inquisition Jews Lutherans Magyars/Hungarians Marriage and Family Minorities Monasteries and Monasticism Moravians Nobility Peasants and Serfs Protestant Union (1608-1621) Roman Catholics Schmalkaldic League (1531-1547) Swabian League ( Städtebund ) (1331-1389, 1488-1534) Teutonic Knights Universities and Schools Women Index VOLUME 2 Key Events Overview Essay Baroque Era (early 17th-mid-18th centuries) Black Death (1346-1353) Canossa (1077) Carolingian Renaissance (late eighth-ninth centuries) Charlemagne, Imperial Coronation of (800) Commercial Revolution (1350-1600) Concordat of Worms (1122) Council of Basel (1431-1449) Council of Constance (1414-1418) Council of Trent (1545-1563) Counter-Reformation Defenestration of Prague (1618) Diet of Worms (1521) "Drive to the East" ( Drang nach Osten ) Enlightenment (18th century) Gothic Era (early 13th-early 15th centuries) Great Schism (1054) Habsburg-Valois Conflict (1494-1559) Interregnum (1250-1273) Investiture Controversy (11th-12th centuries) Peace of Augsburg (1555) Peace of Westphalia (1648) Printing Reformation Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (1803) Renaissance (early 15th-early 17th centuries) Romanesque Era (10th-early 13th centuries) Sturm und Drang (1765-1785) Treaty of Verdun (843) Witch Hunts Military Overview Essay Artillery Bouvines, Battle of (1214) Castles Cavalry Chivalry Cortenuova, Battle of (1237) Crusades Great Northern War (1700-1721) Hussite Wars (1419-ca. 1434) Infantry Knights Landsknechte Lechfeld, Battle of (955) Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) Northern Crusades (12th-13th centuries) Ottoman/Turkish Wars (1521-1791) Peasants'' Revolt (1524-1526) Rákóczi''s War of Independence (1703-1711) Saxon Wars (ca. 770-814) Seven Years'' War (1756-1763) Tannenberg, Battle of (1410) Thirty Years'' War (1618-1648) Vienna, Sieges of (1529, 1683) Vikings War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748) War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714) Weapons Objects and Artifacts Overview Essay Aachen Cathedral (ca. 805)/Throne of Charlemagne Bernward of Hildesheim''s Bronze Doors (ca. 1015) Brandenburg Gate (1791) Cologne Cathedral (1248-1473) Dürer, Albrecht, Self-Portrait in a Fur-Collared Robe (1500) Evangeliary of Otto III (ca. 1000) Grünewald, Matthias, Isenheim Altarpiece (1512) Holy Lance Imperial Coat of Arms (ca. 1430) Imperial Crypt, Vienna (1632) Imperial Regalia (Crown, Scepter, Orb) (ca. 962-1020) Innsbruck Hofkirche (1553) Klosterneuburg Altar (1181) Luther, Martin, Bible of (1534) Manesse Codex (ca.
1330) Meissen Porcelain (1708-1756) Riemenschneider, Tilman (1460-1531) Sanssouci Palace (1747) Speyer Cathedral (ca. 1030) Würzburg Residence/Gianbattista Tiepolo Paintings (1744) Key Places Overview Essay Aachen Augsburg Bamberg Basel Berlin Cologne Frankfurt am Main Hanover Innsbruck Magdeburg Mainz Munich Nuremberg Prague Salzburg Silesia Strasbourg Trier Vienna Würzburg Primary Documents 1. Einhard, Life of Charlemagne (early ninth century) 2. Carolingian Capitularies (late eighth century) 3. Treaty of Verdun (843) 4. Liutprand of Cremona, History of Otto ( Historia Ottonis ) (964) 5. Widukind of Corvey, Deeds of the Saxons ( Res Gestae Saxonicorum ) (973) 6. Adam of Bremen, Deeds of the Priests of the Church of Hamburg (1076) 7.
Letters from the Investiture Controversy (late 11th-early 12th centuries) 8. Concordat of Worms (1122) 9. Hildegard of Bingen, The Order of Virtues ( Ordo Virtutum ) (ca. 1151) 10. Imperial Chronicle ( Kaiserchronik ) (ca. 1152-1165) 11. Otto of Freising, Chronicle (mid-12th century) 12. Carmina Burana (12th century) 13.
Walther von der Vogelweide, Poetry (early 13th century) 14. Sachsenspiegel (ca. 1220) 15. Laws of Frederick II (1220, 1231-1232) 16. Salimbene, Chronicle (13th century) 17. Caesarius of Heisterbach, Dialogue of Miracles ( Dialogus miraculorum ) (1235) 18. Jacobus de Voragine, Golden Legend (ca. 1260) 19.
Eternal Bond of Switzerland (1291) 20. Dante, De Monarchia (early 14th century) 21. Marsilius of Padua, Defensor Pacis (1324) 22. Golden Bull (1356) 23.Nicholas of Cusa, De Concordantia Catholica (1433) 24. Royal Coronation of Maximilian I (1486) 25. Henry Krämer and Jacob Sprenger, The Hammer of Witches ( Malleus Maleficarum ) (1486) 26. Ewige Landfriede (1495) 27.
Desiderius Erasmus, Education of a Christian Prince (early 16th century) 28. Martin Luther''s Ninety-Five Theses (1517) 29. Edict of Worms (1521) 30. Peasant Grievances/Peasants'' Revolt (1525) 31. Augsburg Confession (1530) 32. Abdication of Charles V (1555) 33. Edict of Restitution (1629) 34. Friedrich von Spee, Cautio Criminalis (1631) 35.
Treaties of Westphalia (1648) 36. Samuel Pufendorf, Constitution of the German Empire (1667) 37. Hans Jacob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen, Simplicissimus (1669) 38. John Sobieski, Letter Describing the Siege of Vienna (1683) 39. Edict of the Great Elector Welcoming Huguenots (1685) 40. Glückel of Hameln, Memoirs (1690-1724) 41. Joseph II, Memorandum on the Structure and Political Condition of the Holy Roman Empire (1767/.