*New to the 4th Edition Preface for Instructors Introduction Fiction The Elements of Fiction 1. Reading Fiction Reading Fiction Responsively Kate Chopin, "The Story of an Hour" A SAMPLE CLOSE READING: An Annotated Section of "The Story of An Hour" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Differences in Responses to Kate Chopin''s "The Story of an Hour" Explorations and Formulas A Comparison of Two Stories *Grace Paley, "Wants" *Judith Ortiz Cofer, "Volar" 2. Plot *T.C. Boyle, "The Hit Man" William Faulkner, "A Rose for Emily" A SAMPLE CLOSE READING: An Annotated Section of "A Rose for Emily" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Conflict in the Plot of William Faulkner''s "A Rose for Emily" *Joyce Carol Oates, "Tick" 3. Character *Tobias Wolff, "Powder" *Xu Xi, "Famine" *James Baldwin, "Sonny''s Blues" 4. Setting Ernest Hemingway, "Soldier''s Home" PERSPECTIVE: Ernest Hemingway, "On What Every Writer Needs" *Ursula LeGuin, "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" *Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Yellow Wallpaper" 5. Point of View Third-Person and First-Person Narrators John Updike, "A & P" *Manuel Muñoz, "Zigzagger" Maggie Mitchell, "It Would Be Different If" 6.

Symbolism *Louise Erdrich, "The Red Convertible" *Cynthia Ozick, "The Shawl" *A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: On Cynthia Ozick''s "The Shawl" *Ann Beattie, "Janus" 7. Theme *Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery" *Edgar Allen Poe, "The Cask of Amontillado" *Zora Neale Hurston, "Sweat" 8. Style, Tone, and Irony Raymond Carver, "Popular Mechanics" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: The Minimalist Style of Raymond Carver''s "Popular Mechanics" *George Saunders, "I Can Speak (tm)" Mark Twain, "The Story of the Good Little Boy" Fiction in Depth 9. A Study of Flannery O''Connor A Brief Biography and Introduction Flannery O''Connor: "A Good Man is Hard to Find" *"Good Country People" *"Revelation" PERSPECTIVES Flannery O''Connor, "On the Use of Exaggeration and Distortion" Josephine Hendin, "On O''Connor''s Refusal to ''Do Pretty''" Claire Katz, "The Function of Violence in O''Connor''s Fiction" TIME Magazine, "On A Good Man is Hard to Find and Other Stories" 10. A Collection of Stories *John Cheever, "The Enormous Radio" *Edwidge Danticat, "The Missing Peace" Dagoberto Gilb, "Love in L.A." James Joyce, "Eveline" Jamaica Kincaid, "Girl" *Jhumpa Lahiri, "Sexy" *ZZ Packer, "Drinking Coffee Elsewhere" Annie Proulx, "55 Miles to the Gas Pump" *Kurt Vonnegut, "Happy Birthday, 1951" Poetry The Elements of Poetry 11. Reading Poetry Reading Poetry Responsively Lisa Parker, "Snapping Beans" Robert Hayden, "Those Winter Sundays" John Updike, "Dog''s Death" The Pleasure of Words *Gregory Corso: "I am 25" Robert Francis, "Catch" A SAMPLE STUDENT ANALYSIS: Tossing Metaphors in Robert Francis''s "Catch" Poetic Definitions of Poetry *Marianne Moore, "Poetry" Billy Collins, "Introduction to Poetry" Ruth Forman, "Poetry Should Ride the Bus" *Charles Bukowski, "A Poem is a City" Philip Larkin, "A Study of Reading Habits" Robert Morgan, "Mountain Graveyard" e.

e. Cummings, "l(a" Anonymous, "Western Wind" Regina Barreca, "Nighttime Fires" Recurrent Poetic Figures: Five Ways of Looking at Roses *Robert Burns, "A Red, Red Rose" *Edmund Waller, "Go, Lovely Rose" *William Blake, "The Sick Rose" *Dorothy Parker, "One Perfect Rose" *H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), "Sea Rose" Poems for Further Study Mary Oliver, "The Poet with His Face in His Hands" Alberto Ríos, "Seniors" Robert Frost, "Design" Edgar Allan Poe, "Sonnet - To Science" Cornelius Eady, "The Supremes" 12. Word Choice, Word Order, and Tone Word choice Diction Denotations and Connotations Randall Jarrell, "The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner" Word Order Tone *Marilyn Nelson, "How I Discovered Poetry" Katharyn Howd Machan, "Hazel Tells LaVerne" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Tone in Katharyn Howd Machan''s "Hazel Tells Laverne" Martin Espada, "Latin Night at the Pawnshop" *Jonathan Swift, "The Character of Sir Robert Walpole" Diction and Tone in Three Love Poems Robert Herrick, "To the Virgins, To Make Much of Time" Andrew Marvell, "To His Coy Mistress" Ann Lauinger, "Marvell Noir" Poems for Further Study Walt Whitman, "The Dalliance of the Eagles" *Kwame Dawes, "History Lesson at Eight a.m." Robert Frost, "Out, Out - " Robert Frost, "The Road Not Taken" Alice Jones, "The Lungs" Louis Simpson, "In the Suburbs" 13. Images Poetry''s Appeal to the Senses William Carlos Williams, "Poem" Walt Whitman, "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" David Solway, "Windsurfing" Matthew Arnold, "Dover Beach" Poems for Further Study Adelaide Crapsey, "November Night" Ruth Fainlight, "Crocuses" William Blake, "London" *Kwame Dawes, "The Habits of Love" Charles Simic, "Fork" Sally Croft, "Home-Baked Bread" 14.

Figures of Speech William Shakespeare, From Macbeth Simile and Metaphor Langston Hughes, "Harlem" *Jane Kenyon, "The Socks" Anne Bradstreet, "The Author to her Book" Other Figures Edmund Conti, "Pragmatist" Dylan Thomas, "The Hand that Signed the Paper" Janice Townley Moore, "To a Wasp" Tajana Kovics, "Text Message" Poems for Further Study William Carlos Williams, "To Waken an Old Lady" Ernest Slyman, "Lightning Bugs" Martin Espada, "The Mexican Cabdriver''s Poem for his Wife, Who Has Left Him" Judy Page Heitzman, "The Schoolroom on the Second Floor of the Knitting Mill" *Edna St. Vincent Millay, "Spring" *Robert Pinsky, "Icicles" Kay Ryan, "Learning" 15. Symbol, Allegory, and Irony Symbol Robert Frost, "Acquainted With the Night" Allegory *James Baldwin, "Guilt, Desire, and Love" Irony Edwin Arlington Robinson, "Richard Cory" Kenneth Fearing, "Ad" e.e. cummings, "Next To Of Course God America I" Stephen Crane, "A Man Said to the Universe" Poems for Further Study *Christina Rossetti, "Goblin Market" *Jane Kenyon, "The Thimble" Kevin Pierce, "Proof of Origin" Carl Sandburg, "A Fence" Julio Marzán, "Ethnic Poetry" Mark Halliday, "Graded Paper" Robert Browning, "My Last Duchess" William Blake, "A Poison Tree" 16. Sounds Listening to Poetry John Updike, "Player Piano" Emily Dickinson, "A Bird Came Down the Walk -" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Sound in Emily Dickinson''s "A Bird came down to walk--" Rhyme Richard Armour, "Going to Extremes" Robert Southey, from "The Cataract of Lodore" Andrew Hudgins, "The Ice-Cream Truck" Sound and Meaning *Gerard Manley Hopkins, "God''s Grandeur" Poems for Further Study Lewis Carroll, "Jabberwocky" William Heyen, "The Trains" *Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "Break, Break, Break" John Donne, "Song" Kay Ryan, "Dew" Robert Francis, "The Pitcher" Helen Chasin, "The Word Plum" *Major Jackson, "Autumn Landscape" 17. Patterns of Rhythm Some Principles of Meter Walt Whitman, from "Song of the Open Road" William Wordsworth, "My Heart Leaps Up" Suggestions for Scanning a Poem Timothy Steele, "Waiting for the Storm" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: The Rhythm of Anticipation in Timothy Steele''s "Waiting for the Storm" William Butler Yeats, "That the Night Come" Poems for Further Study John Maloney, "Good!" Alice Jones, "The Foot" Robert Herrick, "Delight in Disorder" e.e.

cummings, "O Sweet Spontaneous" William Blake, "The Lamb" William Blake, "The Tyger" Robert Frost, "Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening" *Langston Hughes, "The Weary Blues" Gwendolyn Brooks, "We Real Cool" 18. Poetic Forms Some Common Poetic Forms A.E. Housman, "Loveliest of Trees, the Cherry Now" Robert Herrick, "Upon Julia''s Clothes" Sonnet John Keats, "On First Looking Into Chapman''s Homer" William Shakespeare, "Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer''s Day?" William Shakespeare, "My Mistress'' Eyes are Nothing Like the Sun" *Countee Cullen, "Yet Do I Marvel" *Mark Jarman, "Unholy Sonnet" R.S. Gwynn, "Shakespearean Sonnet" *Claude McKay, "If We Must Die" Villanelle Dylan Thomas, "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" Sestina Florence Cassen Mayers, "All-American Sestina" *Julia Alvarez, "Bilingual Sestina" Epigram Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "What Is an Epigram?" David McCord, "Epitaph on a Waiter" Paul Laurence Dunbar, "Theology" Limerick Arthur Henry Reginald Buller, "There was a Young Lady Named Bright" Laurence Perrine, "The Limerick''s Never Averse" Haiku Matsuo Basho, "Under Cherry Trees" Carolyn Kizer, "After Basho" Amy Lowell, "Last Night It Rained" Gary Snyder, "A Dent in a Bucket" Ghazal *Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, "Ghazal 4" *Patricia Smith, "Hip Hop Ghazal" Elegy Ben Jonson, "On My.