Contents List of Figures and Tables Abbreviations and Symbols Introductory Remarks Part 1: Methodological Principles and Brief Outline of the Classification and History of Aramaic 1 Methodological Principles 1 Introductory Remarks 2 Aspect 3 Tense 4 Modality 5 Action 6 The Categorial Interplay 7 Methodology2 Brief Outline of the Classification and History of Aramaic Part 2: Classical Aramaic 3 Old Aramaic 0 The Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular and Habitual) 3 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 4 Simultaneity with the Speech Time 5 Posteriority to the Speech Time 6 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 7 Non-indicative Clauses 8 Conditional Clauses 9 Summary 10 Analysis4 Imperial Aramaic 0 The Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultanity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Simultaneity with the Speech Time 7 Posteriority to the Speech Time 8 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 9 Non-indicative Clauses 10 Conditional Clauses 11 Verbs of Perception 12 Summary 13 Analysis5 Biblical Aramaic 0 The Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time 8 Posteriority to the Speech Time 9 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 10 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Future 11 Non-indicative Clauses 12 Conditional Clauses 13 Verbs of Perception 14 qail and yiqul 15 Summary 16 Analysis6 Hasmonean 0 The Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Simultaneity with the Speech Time 7 Posteriority to the Speech Time 8 Non-indicative Clauses 9 Conditional Clauses 10 Verbs of Perception 11 Summary 12 Analysis7 Targum to the Pentateuch (Genizah) 0 The Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Posteriority to the Speech Time 10 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 11 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Future 12 Non-indicative Clauses 13 Conditional Clauses 14 Verbs of Perception 15 Summary 16 Analysis8 Christian Palestinian Aramaic 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Extratemporalis 10 Posteriority to the Speech Time 11 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 12 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Future 13 Non-indicative Clauses 14 Conditional Clauses 15 Verbs of Perception 16 Summary 17 Analysis9 The Babylonian Talmud 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Extratemporalis 10 Posteriority to the Speech Time 11 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 12 Non-indicative Clauses 13 Conditional Clauses 14 Verbs of Perception 15 Summary 16 Analysis10 Classical Mandaic 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Extratemporalis 10 Posteriority to the Speech Time 11 Anteriority to and Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Future 12 Non-indicative Clauses 13 Conditional Clauses 14 Verbs of Perception 15 Summary 16 Analysis11 Syriac 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (habitual) 9 Extratemporalis 10 Posteriority to the Speech Time 11 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 12 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Future 13 Non-indicative Clauses 14 Conditional Clauses 15 Verbs of Perception 16 Summary 17 Analysis12 Classical Aramaic: Summary and Analysis 1 The Verb Forms 2 The Verbal Systems Part 3: Neo-Aramaic 13.1 Early Jewish Neo-Aramaic 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Posteriority to the Speech Time 10 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 11 Non-indicative Clauses 12 Conditional Clauses 13 Verbs of Perception 14 Summary 15 Analysis 13.2 Early Christian Neo-Aramaic 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular and Habitual) 8 Posteriority to the Speech Time 9 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 10 Non-indicative Clauses 11 Conditional Clauses 12 Verbs of Perception 13 Summary 14 Analysis14 Western Neo-Aramaic 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Posteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 8 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 9 Posteriority to the Speech Time 10 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Future 11 Non-indicative Clauses 12 Conditional Clauses 13 Verbs of Perception 14 Summary 15 Analysis15 Modern Mandaic (Khorramshahr) 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with a Reference Point in the Past 6 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Singular) 7 Simultaneity with the Speech Time (Habitual) 8 Posteriority to the Speech Time 9 Non-indicative Clauses 10 Conditional Clauses 11 Summary 12 Analysis16 uroyo 0 Text Corpus 1 The Verb Forms 2 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Singular) 3 Anteriority to the Speech Time (Habitual) 4 Anteriority to a Reference Point in the Past 5 Simultaneity with.