Introduction Introduction Hydroponics defined Is hydroponics a science? Hydroponic terminology Historical past The future of hydroponics Hydroponic practice and the art of hydroponics Value of the hydroponic method Internet Units of measure Abbreviations How plants grow Introduction Photosynthesis Soil fertility factors The plant root Water content and uptake Ion uptake Root surface chemistry The essential plant nutrient elements Introduction Terminology Criteria for essentiality The major elements The micronutrients Content in plants Function in plants Forms of utilization The beneficial elements Element substitution Visual plant symptoms of elemental deficiency or excess The nutrient solution Introduction Water quality Water pH Water and nutrient solution filtering and sterilization Weights and measures Nutrient solution reagents Nutrient solution formulations General purpose/use formulations Plant species requirement adjustments of the nutrient solution Nutrient solution control Methods and timing of nutrient solution delivery Constancy Programmable controllers Summary Rooting media Introduction Perlite Rockwool Coir Elemental content of perlite, rockwool, and coir Systems of hydroponic culture Introduction Mediumless hydroponic systems Rooting medium hydroponic systems Hydroponic application factors Introduction Progressive developments Nutrient solution formulations and their use Cultivar/variety availability and selection Constancy Grower skill and competence Factors for success Controlled-environment agriculture Outdoor hydroponics Home gardener/hobby hydroponic grower Educational role Introduction Demonstration project Nutrient element deficiency experiments References Hydroponic reference books Cited References Appendix A : Measurement factors Appendix B : Essential element summarization tables Appendix C : Diagnostic testing Appendix D : Common errors made when plants are grown hydroponically Index tution Visual plant symptoms of elemental deficiency or excess The nutrient solution Introduction Water quality Water pH Water and nutrient solution filtering and sterilization Weights and measures Nutrient solution reagents Nutrient solution formulations General purpose/use formulations Plant species requirement adjustments of the nutrient solution Nutrient solution control Methods and timing of nutrient solution delivery Constancy Programmable controllers Summary Rooting media Introduction Perlite Rockwool Coir Elemental content of perlite, rockwool, and coir Systems of hydroponic culture Introduction Mediumless hydroponic systems Rooting medium hydroponic systems Hydroponic application factors Introduction Progressive developments Nutrient solution formulations and their use Cultivar/variety availability and selection Constancy Grower skill and competence Factors for success Controlled-environment agriculture Outdoor hydroponics Home gardener/hobby hydroponic grower Educational role Introduction Demonstration project Nutrient element deficiency experiments References Hydroponic reference books Cited References Appendix A : Measurement factors Appendix B : Essential element summarization tables Appendix C : Diagnostic testing Appendix D : Common errors made when plants are grown hydroponically Index ystems Hydroponic application factors Introduction Progressive developments Nutrient solution formulations and their use Cultivar/variety availability and selection Constancy Grower skill and competence Factors for success Controlled-environment agriculture Outdoor hydroponics Home gardener/hobby hydroponic grower Educational role Introduction Demonstration project Nutrient element deficiency experiments References Hydroponic reference books Cited References Appendix A : Measurement factors Appendix B : Essential element summarization tables Appendix C : Diagnostic testing Appendix D : Common errors made when plants are grown hydroponically Index grown hydroponically Index.