Runtime-Controlled Energy Reduction Techniques for FPGAs;Assem A. M. Bsoul, Stuart Dueck, and Steven J. E. Wilton Introduction Island-Style Field-Programmable Gate Arrays Architecture CAD Flow for FPGAs Power Dissipation in VLSI Dynamic Power Static Energy Reduction Techniques for FPGAs Clock Gating Controlled Body Biasing Dynamic Reconfiguration Multiple Supply Voltages CAD Techniques Other Techniques Runtime-Controlled Power-Gated FPGAs Architecture Description Evaluation Architecture Evaluation Example Application Conclusion Smart Grid and ICT''s Role in Its Evolution; Hassan Farhangi Climate Change Conventional Electricity Grid Overview of Smart Grid Smart Grid Applications Command and Control Strategies Smart Grid Building Blocks Smart Grid Network Topologies Smart Grid Communication Systems Smart Grid ICT Future Developments Suggested Readings Energy Saving Solutions and Practices of China Mobile; Sen Bian, Huabin Tang, Xidong Wang, Jinsong Wu, and Zhihong Zhang, Chih-Lin I, and Bill Huang Introduction Energy Consumption Status and Objective of CMCC Views on Energy Saving of Wireless Communication Devices and Systems from CMCC Energy Saving Solutions for Wireless Networks The High-Energy-Efficient Hardware Platform RRUs in Distributed Base Stations Distributed RRU Networking Multi-Carrier Distributed Base Station Energy Saving Advantages Software Power-Saving Features Intelligent Power-Saving Technology GSM Intelligent Power-Saving System Based on Base Station Sector Switching System Overview Typical Power-Saving Proposals Highly Energy-Efficient RAN Network Architecture Energy Saving Proposals for Core Networks and Data Centers Energy Saving of Data Center Facilities Data Center Energy Efficiency Assessment and Optimization The Analysis of the Main Factors Affecting Energy Efficiency Technologies and Measures for Optimizing Energy Efficiency The Construction of the New Generation of Green Data Center Energy Saving of IT Equipment Improve Equipment Efficiency Requirements Applications of Server Virtualization Power Management for Cloud Computing Energy-Saving Solutions for Accessory Equipments Energy-Saving Solutions for the Refrigeration System Smart Ventilation System Heat-Pipe Heat-Exchanger Unit The Energy Saving Solutions for Backup Power Systems Lithium Iron-Phosphate Battery The Thermostat for Rechargeable Battery Energy Saving Solutions Using Renewable Energy Solar Energy Utilization for Base Stations Base Stations Powered by Wind Energy Technologies Standard Methodologies for Energy Efficiency Assessment; Raffaele Bolla, Roberto Bruschi, and Chiara Lombardo Introduction An Overview on Novel Green Network Technologies Internet Evolution and Concern over Energy Wastes Current Approaches and Concepts for Low-Energy Networking Benchmarking Methodologies ECR 3.0.1 ATIS 060015.03.

2009 RFC 2544 Other Upcoming Propositions Comparison among the Standards Performance Evaluation Extending Current Evaluation Methodologies Test Results Conclusions Reciprocal Learning for Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks; Xianfu Chen, Zhifeng Zhao, Honggang Zhang, Jinsong Wu, and Tao Chen Introduction Network Model and Problem Formulation Distributed Learning Algorithms with Dynamic Conjectures A Best Response Learning Method for OSA The Best Response Strategies Global Convergence of the Dynamic Network OSA by Gradient Ascent Algorithms Numerical Results Conclusion Green Communications for Carbon Emission Reductions: Architectures and Standards; Charles Despins, Fabrice Labeau, Richard Labelle, Mohamed Cheriet, Alberto Leon-Garcia, and Omar Cherkaoui Introduction Network Architectures and Technologies to Reduce Carbon Emissions Networks and Protocols Integrated Optical-Wireless Access Data Centers Testbeds Greenstar NetVirt SAVI Carbon Standards for Communications Technologies Power and Performance Measurement Challenges Network and System Operation Challenges The Need for Carbon Standards Adapted to Communications Technologies Standards Development in the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) Conclusion The Role of ICT in the Evolution Towards Smart Grids;Raffaele Bolla, Flavio Cucchietti, and Matteo Repetto Introduction Legacy Energy Grids The Concept of Smart Grid Hot Topics for Smart Grids Load Management Wide Area Situation Awareness Distributed Generation Microgrids Energy Storage AMI Systems Electric Vehicles Energy Gateways Man-Machine Interfaces Network Management Grid Management Market Operations Political and Standardization Initiatives Policies and Directives Europe North America Asia Research Projects in Europe Standardization Efforts Architectures for Smart Grids Conceptual Models of Smart Grids Layout of the Communication System Distributed Services and Applications Data Models and Information Exchange Networking Communication Media and Technologies Network Architectures Other Techniques Runtime-Controlled Power-Gated FPGAs Architecture Description Evaluation Architecture Evaluation Example Appli.