This book celebrates the life and works of Lee Qoede (1913-1965), who focused on art's social purpose and representation of civilians. He believed "art must be an integral part of the struggle in reality. It cannot simply be a still-life of apples, flowers, or scenery." Born in South Korea, he was a prisoner of war, defected to North Korea, was politically purged, and died at fifty-two. His works were banned in South Korea until 1988. This monograph explores Lee Qoede's art within the context of Cold War politics and international leftist exchanges, including his experiences of civilian massacres, prisoner-of-war camps, and his defection to North Korea. It examines social realism, socialist realism, and Mexican mural influences on Lee's oeuvre, reevaluating his place in South Korean art history. Highlighting the global impact of Lee's work, the book integrates insights from international artists and movements, challenging Eurocentric modernism and offering a comprehensive understanding of his artistic journey.