Summary 'Topics in Programming Languages' explores the arch from the formation of alphabet and classical philosophy to artificial programming languages in the structure of one argumentative topics list: as if it were philosophy interpreted and programmed. One such endeavour is taken to tend toward phonetics and sounds of speech analysis with -calculus, and, ultimately, Prolog - the programming language of choice in artificial intelligence - born of the natural language processing reverie and delusion. The well-ordered list of arguments targets the conceptual tree behind both the functional and the logical, the procedural and the declarative paradigms in programming languages by studying close the ascendum (convolution) of the Aristotelian efficient cause into the notions of function (Leibniz), rule (Kant) and algorithm as effective procedures in computation (Church-Turing). The Author Luis Manuel Cabrita Pais Homem graduated in Philosophy in the Faculty of Letters of the University of Lisbon in 2005. He concluded the Master in the same He is currently completing his doctoral thesis. the Post-Graduate Program holds a Quality Grant, taking in automatic passage to Doctorate, the author is currently preparing the PhD thesis subordinated to the same theme. The author is an integrated member of the Centre for Philosophy of Science of the University of Lisbon since the summer of 2011. Readership Scholars, students, programmers, computer scientists Contents Section I - Arguments; ) The phonetics and philosophical argument; ) The symbolic or rational argument; ) The difficulty argument; ) The content-and-form artificial intelligence argument; ) The efficient cause argument; ) The model theory argument; Notes Section II - Arguments; The endogenous to exogenous language argument; ) The efficient cause continuance argument; ) The reviewing incommensurability argument; ) The functional and declarative programming languages argument; Notes Section III - Arguments; ) The -calculus argument; ) The Prolog argument Notes Section IV - Topics in programming languages: a philosophical analysis through the case of prolog; Summary; State of the art; Goal; Detailed description Bibliography.