This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Graph Transformation, ICGT 2023, held as Part of STAF 2023 in Leicester, UK, in July 2023. The 14 full papers and 2 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. The conference focuses on describing new unpublished contributions in the theory and applications of graph transformation as well as tool presentation papers that demonstrate main new features and functionalities of graph-based tools.