This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, DAS 2024, held in Athens, Greece, during August 30-31, 2024. The 27 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions addressing topics like: document analysis and understanding; retrieval and VQA; layout analysis; document classification; OCR correction and NLP; recognition systems; and historical documents.