Introduction xix Chapter 1 WAN Concepts 1 Objectives 1 Key Terms 1 Introduction (1.0) 3 WAN Technologies Overview (1.1) 3 Purpose of WANs (1.1.1) 3 Why a WAN? (1.1.1.1) 3 Are WANs Necessary? (1.

1.1.2) 4 WAN Topologies (1.1.1.3) 5 Evolving Networks (1.1.1.

4) 8 Small Office (1.1.1.5) 8 Campus Network (1.1.1.6) 9 Branch Networks (1.1.

1.7) 10 Distributed Network (1.1.1.8) 11 WAN Operations (1.1.2) 13 WANs in the OSI Model (1.1.

2.1) 13 Common WAN Terminology (1.1.2.2) 14 WAN Devices (1.1.2.3) 16 Circuit Switching (1.

1.2.4) 17 Packet Switching (1.1.2.5) 18 Selecting a WAN Technology (1.2) 20 WAN Services (1.2.

1) 20 WAN Link Connection Options (1.2.1.1) 20 Service Provider Network Infrastructure (1.2.1.2) 21 Private WAN Infrastructures (1.2.

2) 23 Leased Lines (1.2.2.1) 23 Dialup (1.2.2.2) 25 ISDN (1.2.

2.3) 26 Frame Relay (1.2.2.4) 28 ATM (1.2.2.5) 29 Ethernet WAN (1.

2.2.6) 30 MPLS (1.2.2.7) 32 VSAT (1.2.2.

8) 32 Public WAN Infrastructure (1.2.3) 33 DSL (1.2.3.1) 34 Cable (1.2.3.

2) 35 Wireless (1.2.3.3) 36 3G/4G Cellular (1.2.3.4) 37 VPN Technology (1.2.

3.5) 38 Selecting WAN Services (1.2.4) 39 Choosing a WAN Link Connection (1.2.4.1) 40 Choosing a WAN Link Connection (Cont.) (1.

2.4.2) 41 Summary (1.3) 43 Practice 44 Class Activities 44 Labs 44 Check Your Understanding Questions 44 Chapter 2 Point-to-Point Connections 49 Objectives 49 Key Terms 49 Introduction (2.0) 51 Serial Point-to-Point Overview (2.1) 51 Serial Communications (2.1.1) 52 Serial and Parallel Ports (2.

1.1.1) 52 Point-to-Point Communication Links (2.1.1.2) 53 Serial Bandwidth (2.1.1.

3) 54 HDLC Encapsulation (2.1.2) 56 WAN Encapsulation Protocols (2.1.2.1) 56 HDLC Encapsulation (2.1.2.

2) 57 Configuring HDLC Encapsulation (2.1.2.3) 58 Troubleshooting a Serial Interface (2.1.2.4) 59 PPP Operation (2.2) 63 Benefits of PPP (2.

2.1) 63 Introducing PPP (2.2.1.1) 64 Advantages of PPP (2.2.1.2) 65 LCP and NCP (2.

2.2) 65 PPP-Layered Architecture (2.2.2.1) 65 PPP: Link Control Protocol (LCP) (2.2.2.2) 66 PPP: Network Control Protocol (NCP) (2.

2.2.3) 66 PPP Frame Structure (2.2.2.4) 67 PPP Sessions (2.2.3) 68 Establishing a PPP Session (2.

2.3.1) 68 LCP Operation (2.2.3.2) 69 PPP Configuration Options (2.2.3.

3) 72 NCP Explained (2.2.3.4) 72 PPP Implementation (2.3) 74 Configure PPP (2.3.1) 74 PPP Configuration Options (2.3.

1.1) 74 PPP Basic Configuration Command (2.3.1.2) 76 PPP Compression Commands (2.3.1.3) 76 PPP Link Quality Monitoring Command (2.

3.1.4) 77 PPP Multilink Commands (2.3.1.5) 78 Verifying PPP Configuration (2.3.1.

6) 81 Configure PPP Authentication (2.3.2) 82 PPP Authentication Protocols (2.3.2.1) 83 Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) (2.3.2.

2) 83 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) (2.3.2.3) 85 PPP Authentication Command (2.3.2.4) 86 Configuring PPP with Authentication (2.3.

2.5) 87 Troubleshoot WAN Connectivity (2.4) 89 Troubleshoot PPP (2.4.1) 89 Troubleshooting PPP Serial Encapsulation (2.4.1.1) 90 Debugging PPP (2.

4.1.2) 91 Troubleshooting a PPP Configuration with Authentication (2.4.1.3) 94 Summary 96 Practice 97 Class Activities 97 Labs 97 Packet Tracer Activities 98 Check Your Understanding Questions 98 Chapter 3 Branch Connections 101 Objectives 101 Key Terms 101 Introduction (3.0) 103 Remote-Access Connections (3.1) 104 Broadband Connections (3.

1.1) 104 What Is a Cable System? (3.1.1.1) 104 Cable Components (3.1.1.2) 105 What Is DSL? (3.

1.1.3) 107 DSL Connections (3.1.1.4) 107 Wireless Connection (3.1.1.

5) 109 Select a Broadband Connection (3.1.2) 112 Comparing Broadband Solutions (3.1.2.1) 112 PPPoE (3.2) 113 &.