Preface Part I: Fundamentals Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. Sounds Are a Universal Indicator of Change 1.2. What Is a Soundscape? 1.3. What Is Soundscape Ecology? 1.4.

Intellectual Roots of Soundscape Ecology 1.5. Parallel Developments 1.6. How Soundscape Ecology May Address Global Environmental and Societal Grand Challenges 1.6.1. Confronting the Biodiversity Crisis 1.

6.2. Improving Society''s Connectedness with Nature 1.6.3. Sustaining Sonic Practices as a Form of Traditional Ecological Knowledge 1.6.4.

Planning for Healthy Living Spaces Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 2: The Physics of Sound 2.1. Sound as a Wave 2.1.1. Key Terms 2.1.2.

Longitudinal Waves 2.1.3. Transverse Waves 2.1.4. Ripple Waves 2.1.

5. Other Phenomena Related to Mechanical Waves 2.1.6. Properties of All Mechanical Waves 2.2. Visualizing a Sound Recording 2.3.

Recording Sound with Transducers 2.3.1. Microphones 2.3.2. Sound Files 2.4.

Psychoacoustics 2.4.1. Pitch 2.4.2. Timbre 2.4.

3. Loudness 2.4.4. Age and Gender Differences in Sound Sensitivity Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 3: Sources of Sound in the Soundscape 3.1. Biological Sound Production and Perception 3.1.

1. Animal Communication Terms 3.1.2. Acoustic Communication Repertoire 3.1.3. Onomatopoeia 3.

1.4. Acoustic Communication by Taxonomic Group 3.2. Geophysical Sounds 3.2.1. Wind in Terrestrial Landscapes 3.

2.2. Thunder 3.2.3. Precipitation in Terrestrial Landscapes 3.2.4.

Flowing Water of Rivers and Streams 3.2.5. Earth Tremors 3.2.6. Sand Dunes 3.2.

7. Geophysical Sounds in Oceans 3.2.8. Glaciers and Icebergs 3.3. Anthropogenic Sounds 3.3.

1. Road Noise 3.3.2. Doppler Effect 3.3.3. Sirens 3.

3.4. Horns 3.3.5. Construction Activity 3.3.6.

Wind Turbines 3.3.7. Anthropogenic Transportation Hot Spots Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Part II: Concepts Chapter 4: Sensory Ecology 4.1. Sensory Drive Framework 4.2. Sound Production in Animals 4.

2.1. Morphological Adaptation Hypothesis 4.2.2. Acoustic Niche Hypothesis 4.2.3.

Extended Communication Network Hypothesis 4.3. Propagation of Animal Communication 4.3.1. Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis 4.3.2.

Tests of the AAH 4.3.3. The Lombard Effect 4.4. Sound Reception by Animals 4.4.1.

Auditory Filters 4.4.2. Auditory Filter Hypothesis 4.5. Critique of the Current Acoustic Niche Hypothesis 4.6. Geophonic Concepts 4.

6.1. Considerations 4.6.2. Geophonies Reflect Broad Patterns of Climate Dynamics 4.6.3.

Influence of Geophony on Biophonies Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 5: Spatial Ecologies 5.1. Landscape Ecology 5.1.1. Guiding Principles of Landscape Ecology 5.1.2.

Measuring Landscapes 5.1.3. Landscapes and Biodiversity 5.1.4. Relevance of Landscape Ecology to Soundscape Ecology 5.2.

Biogeography 5.2.1. Understanding All Levels of Biological Organization 5.2.2. Biomes/Life Zones/Ecoregions 5.2.

3. Global Patterns of Organismal Traits 5.2.4. Geological History of Land 5.2.5. Intersection of Biogeography and Soundscape Ecology 5.

3. Conservation Biology 5.3.1. Origins of Modern Western Conservation Thinking 5.3.2. Twenty-First-Century Motivation for the Conservation of Nature 5.

3.3. Protected Area Typologies and Major Conservation Organizations 5.3.4. Characteristics of Modern Western Conservation Biology 5.3.5.

Monitoring and Assessment in Conservation Science 5.3.6. Conservation Planning Approaches 5.3.7. Sociocultural Dimensions of Conservation Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 6: Sociocultural Concepts 6.1.

The Key Concept of Perception 6.2. Ethnomusicology and the Anthropology of Music 6.2.1. Fundamentals of Ethnomusicology 6.2.2.

Sensory Ethnography 6.2.3. Acoustic Ecology and Schafer''s Soundscape 6.2.4. Ecomusicology 6.2.

5. Ecoethnomusicology 6.2.6. Extending Ethnography to Include Soundscapes and Sonic Practices 6.3. Sensuous Geography 6.4.

Sense of Place Studies 6.5. Traditional Ecological Knowledge 6.5.1. The TEK Complex 6.5.2.

TEK and Science 6.5.3. TEK Transmission 6.5.4. TEK and the Future 6.6.

Nature Connectedness and Relatedness 6.7. Affective Qualities of Soundscapes 6.8. Attention Restoration Theory and Related Concepts 6.9. Soundscapes as Coupled Human and Natural Systems Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 7: Data Science Concepts 7.1.

Big Data and Soundscape Ecology 7.1.1. Key Terms of Data Science 7.1.2. Key Statistical Terms 7.2.

Characteristics of Big Data 7.2.1. Volume 7.2.2. Velocity 7.2.

3. Variety 7.2.4. Veracity 7.2.5. Variability 7.

2.6. Value 7.3. Soundscape Analytics 7.3.1. Basic Terms 7.

3.2. Data Types 7.3.3. An Archetypal Data Analysis Pipeline 7.4. Data Management 7.

4.1. Basic Terms and Concepts 7.4.2. Querying 7.5. Textual Analysis 7.

5.1. Forms of Textual Analysis 7.5.2. Textual Features 7.6. Software Tools 7.

6.1. Database Management Tools 7.6.2. Operating Systems 7.6.3.

Analysis Tools 7.6.4. Visualization Tools 7.7. Client-Server-Cloud Technologies 7.8. A Fourth Paradigm of Science? Summary Discussion Questions Further Reading Chapter 8: Soundscape Ecology as a Nexus 8.

1. Expanding the Definition of the Soundscape 8.1.1. Definition 8.1.2. Physical Dimension 8.

1.3. Experiential Dimension 8.2. Guiding Principles of Soundscape Ecology 8.2.1. Sound Sources 8.

2.2. Forces That Drive the Dynamics of Soundscapes 8.2.3. Doing Soundscape Ecological Research 8.3. Organizing Hypotheses for Soundscape Ecology 8.

3.1. Biologically Focused Hypotheses 8.3.2. Geophonically Focused Hypotheses 8.3.3.

Anthrophonically Focused Hypotheses 8.4. Extensions to Existing Ecological and Social Science Theories 8.4.1. Conservation Biology and Soundscape Ecology 8.4.2.

Synergies between Spatial Ecologies and Biophonic Patterns 8.4.3. Extending Sense of Place Frameworks to Include Soundscapes 8.4.4. CHANS, TEK, and Soundscapes 8.4.

5. Derived Benefits of Natural Soundscapes 8.4.6. Soundscapes and Principles of Natural Resource Management 8.4.7. Soundscapes as Common Pool Resources Summary Discussion Questions Part III: Methods Chapter 9: Measuring the Soundscape 9.

1. Passive Acoustic Recorders 9.1.1. Standard Architecture 9.1.2. Deployment Considerations 9.

2. Recording Parameters 9.3. Sensor Networks and Sensor Arrays 9.4. Soundscape Indices 9.4.1.

Intensity Indices 9.4.2. Acoustic Events and Features 9.4.3. Acoustic Indices 9.4.

4. Sound Types 9.5. Aural Annotation 9.5.1. Aims of Annotation Methods 9.5.

2. Annotation Settings 9.5.3. Visualizing Long-Term Recordings 9.5.4. Soundscape Content 9.

5.5. Perceptions 9.5.6. Qualitative Information 9.5.7.

Bias 9.6. Phases, Transitions, Triggers, and Cycles of Soundscapes 9.7. Supplemental In Situ Survey Data 9.7.1. Animal Surveys 9.

7.2. Vegetation Surveys 9.8. Quantifying the Landscape for Soundscape Research 9.8.1. Quantifying Landscape Structure and Dynamics 9.

8.2. Associating Landscapes with Soundscapes 9.8.3. Acoustic Phenology Models 9.9. Qualitative Methods: Measuring Soundscape Perception 9.

9.1. Key Terms 9.9.2. Grounded Theory 9.9.3.

Knowledge Co-production 9.9.4. Interviews.