About the Editors xv List of Contributors xvii Foreword xxi Preface xxiii Acknowledgements xxv 1 An Overview of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices 1 Hu Long, Xiaoqi Zhang, Xianglong Han, and Wenli Lai 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Evolution of Orthodontic TADs 1 1.3 Characteristics of Orthodontic TADs 2 1.4 Mechanical Retention of Orthodontic TADs 5 1.5 Clinical Indications for Orthodontic TADs 9 1.6 Potential Complications 19 1.7 Summary 21 2 Requirements for the Insertion of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices 25 Lin Xiang, Ziwei Tang, Jing Zhou, Hong Zhou, Qingxuan Wang, Waseem S.
Al-Gumaei, Hu Long, and Liang Zhang 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Systemic Requirements 26 2.3 Local Requirements 32 2.4 Summary 51 3 General Principles for the Insertion of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices 55 Hu Long, Xinyu Yan, Yanzi Gao, Qingxuan Wang, Chenghao Zhang, Rui Shu, Wen Liao, and Xianglong Han 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Anatomy-driven Paradigm 56 3.3 Biomechanics-driven Paradigm 75 3.
4 Clinical Procedures for Inserting Mini-implants 85 3.5 Summary 92 4 Maxillary Labial Region 95 Donger Lin, Huiyi Hong, Xiaolong Li, Jialun Li, Haoxin Zhang, Hong Zhou, Yan Wang, and Hu Long 4.1 Introduction 95 4.2 Interradicular Sites 95 4.3 Anterior Nasal Spine 125 4.4 Summary 143 5 Maxillary Buccal Region 145 Lingling Pu, Yanzi Gao, Qinxuan Song, Yang Zhou, Ying Jin, Yongwen Guo, Xianglong Han, and Hu Long 5.1 Introduction 145 5.2 Interradicular Sites 145 5.
3 Infrazygomatic Crest 183 5.4 Maxillary Tuberosity 223 5.5 Summary 232 6 Maxillary Palatal Region 235 Jing Zhou, Xinwei Lyu, Hong Zhou, Jiabao Li, Wenqiang Ma, Heyi Tang, Tianjin Tao, Peipei Duan, and Hu Long 6.1 Introduction 235 6.2 Interradicular Sites 238 6.3 Paramedian Sites 270 6.4 Midpalatal Suture 296 6.5 Summary 301 7 Mandibular Labial Region 303 Yi Yang, Donger Lin, Lingling Pu, Shizhen Zhang, Yan Wang, Erpan Alkam, and Hu Long 7.
1 Introduction 303 7.2 Interradicular Sites 305 7.3 Mandibular Symphysis 320 7.4 Summary 330 8 Mandibular Buccal Region 333 Qi Fan, Lu Liu, Chaolun Mo, Xinxiong Xia, Yushi Zhang, Rui Shu, Liang Zhang, and Hu Long 8.1 Introduction 333 8.2 Interradicular Sites 335 8.3 Buccal Shelf 364 8.4 Summary 386 9 Mandibular Ramus 389 Qianyun Kuang, Qi Fan, Chengge Hua, Lingling Pu, and Hu Long 9.
1 Introduction 389 9.2 Anatomical Considerations 389 9.3 Mini-implant Selection 396 9.4 Insertion Procedure 397 9.5 Versatile Clinical Applications 402 9.6 Summary 413 10 The Placement of Miniplates 415 Lingling Pu, Yi Yang, Xuechun Yuan, Hu Long, and Chengge Hua 10.1 Introduction 415 10.2 Clinical Features 415 10.
3 Clinical Indications 420 10.4 Insertion Techniques 431 10.5 Removal Techniques 433 10.6 Summary 434 11 Three-dimensional Design and Manufacture of Insertion Guides 437 Niansong Ye, Lingling Pu, Qi Fan, Wenqiang Ma, Yanqing Wu, Wenli Lai, and Hu Long 11.1 Introduction 437 11.2 Evolution of Insertion Guides 437 11.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Insertion Guides 446 11.4 Three-dimensional Design of Insertion Guides for Mini-implants 451 11.
5 Manufacturing Insertion Guides 464 11.6 Summary 470 12 Clinical Techniques for Using Insertion Guides 473 Lingling Pu, Qi Fan, Yuetian Li, Omar M. Ghaleb, Hu Long, and Niansong Ye 12.1 Introduction 473 12.2 Clinical Procedures 473 12.3 Placement of Mini-implants with Insertion Guides at Different Sites 479 12.4 Summary 485 13 Root Contact 487 Xinyu Yan, Yan Wang, Jianru Yi, Hu Long, Xianglong Han, and Wenli Lai 13.1 Introduction 487 13.
2 Clinical Manifestations 488 13.3 Prognosis 490 13.4 Risk Factors 493 13.5 Prevention 496 13.6 Management of Root Contact 498 13.7 Summary 499 14 Fractures of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices 501 Hong Zhou, Jing Zhou, Fan Jian, Heyi Tang, Jianru Yi, Xiaolong Li, and Hu Long 14.1 Introduction 501 14.2 Risk Factors for Mini-implant Fracture 504 14.
3 Prevention of Mini-implant Fracture 508 14.4 Management of Mini-implant Fracture 511 14.5 Summary 512 15 Soft Tissue Complications 515 Lin Xiang, Ziwei Tang, Jing Zhou, Heyi Tang, Hu Long, and Jianru Yi 15.1 Introduction 515 15.2 Clinical Manifestations 516 15.3 Adverse Consequences 519 15.4 Risk Factors 520 15.5 Prevention 525 15.
6 Treatment 528 15.7 Summary 530 16 Failure of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices 533 Xinyu Yan, Xiaoqi Zhang, Jianru Yi, Chen Liang, Xi Du, Lingling Pu, and Hu Long 16.1 Introduction 533 16.2 Primary Stability and Secondary Stability 534 16.3 Risk Factors 537 16.4 Prevention of Mini-implant Failure 543 16.5 Management of Mini-implant Failure 544 16.6 Summary 546 References 546 Index 549.