Foreword; Preface; About the authors; Acknowledgements; Terminology; Abbreviations 1 Anatomical features and variants of the oral cavity 1.1 Overview 1.2 Lips 1.3 Cheeks 1.4 The tongue and the floor of the mouth 1.5 The hard palate, soft palate, and uvula 1.6 Maxilla and the mandible 1.7 Temporomandibular joint 1.

8 Maxillary sinuses 1.9 Lymph nodes 2 Diagnostic procedures for diseases of the oral mucosa 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Clinical evaluation 2.3 Laboratory processes 2.4 Diagnostic imaging 3 The differential diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions 3.1 White lesions of the oral mucosa 3.2 Red and purple lesions of the oral mucosa 3.

3 Pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa 3.4 Papillary and verrucous lesions of the oral mucosa 3.5 Non-neoplastic oral soft tissue swellings 3.6 Oral vesicles and bullae 3.7 Oral erosions and ulcers 3.8 Dry mouth 3.9 Halitosis 3.10 Diseases affecting the lips - cheilitis 3.

11 Diseases affecting the gingivae 3.12 Diseases affecting the tongue 3.13 Mucucutaneous disorders 3.14 Oral diseases associated eith systemic disorders 4 Reactions of the oral mucosal to local or exogenous factors 4.1 Dental and oral hygiene 4.2 Debris 4.3 Acute injury 4.4 Chronic repetitive injury 4.

5 Toxins 4.6 Adverse drug reaction 4.7 Reaction to infection or vaccination 4.8 Pigment 4.9 Reaction to an underlying disease 4.10 Reactive gingival hyperplasia 5 Oral mucosal diseases of developmental and genetic origin 5.1 Congenital disorders 5.2 Disorders usually diagnosed in childhood 5.

3 Disorders usually diagnosed in adult life 6 Oral mucosal infections 6.1 Fungal infections 6.2 Viral infections 6.3 Bacterial infections 6.4 Mixed infections 7 Oral mucosal inflammatory diseases and conditions 7.1 Recurrent aphthous ulcer 7.2 Lichenoid disorders 7.3 Granulomatous disorders 7.

4 Immunobullous diseases 7.5 Other inflammatory diseases localized to the mouth 8 Oral mucosal non-inflammatory disorders and conditions 8.1 Endogenous pigmentation 8.2 Cysts 8.3 Oral mucinosis 9 Oral mucosal manifestations of systemic diseases 9.1 Atrophic glossitis 9.2 Vitamin deficiencies 9.3 Angioedema 9.

4 Hypothyroidism 9.5 Thrombocytopenic purpura 9.6 Leukaemia 9.7 Coeliac disease 9.8 Inflammatory bowel disease 9.9 Oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus 9.10 Vasculitis 9.11 Cushing syndrome 9.

12 Acromegaly 9.13 Parathyroid disease 9.14 Sickle cell anaemia 9.15 Drug-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw 9.16 Psychogenic oral disease 10 Oral neoplastic lesions: benign, potentially malignant, and malignant 10.1 Benign lesions of the oral mucosa 10.2 Benign salivary gland tumours 10.3 Oral potentially malignant disorders 10.

4 Malignant lesions of the oral mucosa 10.5 Malignant salivary gland tumours Index.