Introduction xxviii Part I: Performing Basic System Management Tasks Chapter 1 Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 3 Foundation Topics 6 Preparing to Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 What Is Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Server? 6 Getting the Software 7 Using Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Using CentOS 7 Other Distributions 8 Understanding Access to Repositories 8 Setup Requirements 9 Cert Guide Environment Description 9 Performing a Manual Installation 10 Summary 24 Exam Preparation Tasks 25 End-of-Chapter Lab 26 Chapter 2 Using Essential Tools 29 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 29 Foundation Topics 32 Basic Shell Skills 32 Understanding Commands 32 Executing Commands 32 I/O Redirection 34 Using Pipes 36 History 37 Bash Completion 39 Editing Files with vim 39 Understanding the Shell Environment 42 Understanding Variables 42 Recognizing Environment Configuration Files 43 Using /etc/motd and /etc/issue 43 Finding Help 44 Using --help 44 Using man 45 Finding the Right man Page 46 Updating mandb 47 Using info 48 Using /usr/share/doc Documentation Files 49 Summary 50 Exam Preparation Tasks 50 End-of-Chapter Lab 51 Chapter 3 Essential File Management Tools 53 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 53 Foundation Topics 56 Working with the File System Hierarchy 56 Defining the File System Hierarchy 56 Understanding Mounts 57 Managing Files 61 Working with Wildcards 62 Managing and Working with Directories 62 Working with Absolute and Relative Pathnames 63 Listing Files and Directories 64 Copying Files and Directories 65 Moving Files and Directories 66 Deleting Files and Directories 66 Using Links 68 Understanding Hard Links 68 Understanding Symbolic Links 69 Creating Links 69 Removing Links 70 Working with Archives and Compressed Files 71 Managing Archives with tar 72 Creating Archives with tar 72 Monitoring and Extracting tar Files 73 Using Compression 74 Summary 75 Exam Preparation Tasks 75 End-of-Chapter Lab 77 Chapter 4 Working with Text Files 81 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 81 Foundation Topics 84 Using Common Text File-Related Tools 84 Doing More with less 84 Showing File Contents with cat 85 Displaying the First or Last Lines of a File with head and tail 86 Filtering Specific Columns with cut 87 Sorting File Contents and Output with sort 87 Counting Lines, Words, and Characters with wc 88 A Primer to Using Regular Expressions 89 Using Line Anchors 90 Using Escaping in Regular Expressions 90 Using Wildcards and Multipliers 91 Using grep to Analyze Text 92 Working with Other Useful Text Processing Utilities 93 Summary 94 Exam Preparation Tasks 95 End-of-Chapter Lab 9 Chapter 5 Connecting to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 99 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 99 Foundation Topics 102 Working on Local Consoles 102 Logging In to a Local Console 102 Switching Between Terminals in a Graphical Environment 103 Working with Multiple Terminals in a Nongraphical Environment 104 Understanding Pseudo Terminal Devices 106 Booting, Rebooting, and Shutting Down Systems 106 Using SSH and Related Utilities 108 Accessing Remote Systems Using SSH 108 Using Graphical Applications in an SSH Environment 111 Securely Transferring Files Between Systems 111 Using scp to Securely Copy Files 112 Using sftp to Securely Transfer Files 112 Using rsync to Synchronize Files 113 Configuring Key-Based Authentication for SSH 114 Using Passphrases or Not? 114 Using the screen Command 115 Summary 117 Exam Preparation Tasks 117 End-of-Chapter Labs 118 Chapter 6 User and Group Management 121 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 121 Foundation Topics 124 Understanding Different User Types 124 Users on Linux 124 Working as Root 124 Using su 125 sudo 126 PolicyKit 126 Managing User Accounts 127 System Accounts and Normal Accounts 127 Creating Users 131 Modifying the Configuration Files 131 Using useradd 131 Home Directories 132 Managing User Properties 132 Configuration Files for User Management Defaults 132 Managing Password Properties 133 Creating a User Environment 134 Creating and Managing Group Accounts 135 Understanding Linux Groups 135 Creating Groups 136 Creating Groups with vigr 136 Using groupadd to Create Groups 137 Managing Group Properties 137 Summary 138 Exam Preparation Tasks 138 End-of-Chapter Lab 140 Chapter 7 Permissions Management 143 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 143 Foundation Topics 146 Managing File Ownership 146 Displaying Ownership 146 Changing User Ownership 147 Changing Group Ownership 148 Understanding Default Ownership 148 Managing Basic Permissions 149 Understanding Read, Write, and Execute Permissions 149 Applying Read, Write, and Execute Permissions 150 Managing Advanced Permissions 152 Understanding Advanced Permissions 152 Applying Advanced Permissions 155 Managing ACLs 156 Understanding ACLs 156 Preparing Your File System for ACLs 157 Changing and Viewing ACL Settings with setfacl and getfacl 157 Working with Default ACLs 159 Setting Default Permissions with umask 160 Working with User-Extended Attributes 162 Summary 163 Exam Preparation Tasks 163 End-of-Chapter Lab 165 Chapter 8 Configuring Networking 167 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 167 Foundation Topics 170 Networking Fundamentals 170 IP Addresses 170 IPv6 Addresses 171 Network Masks 171 Binary Notation 172 MAC Addresses 173 Protocol and Ports 173 Managing Network Addresses and Interfaces 174 Validating Network Configuration 175 Validating Network Address Configuration 175 Validating Routing 178 Validating the Availability of Ports and Services 178 Configuring Network Configuration with nmtui and nmcli 180 Required Permissions to Change Network Configuration 180 Configuring the Network with nmcli 181 Configuring the Network with nmtui 187 Working on Network Configuration Files 189 Setting Up Hostname and Name Resolution 190 Hostnames 190 DNS Name Resolution 192 Summary 194 Exam Preparation Tasks 194 End-of-Chapter Lab 195 Part II: Operating Running Systems Chapter 9 Managing Software 197 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 197 Foundation Topics 200 Managing Software Packages with yum 200 Understanding the Role of Repositories 200 Registering Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Support 201 Managing Subscriptions 202 Specifying Which Repository to Use 203 Understanding Repository Security 206 Creating Your Own Repository 208 Using yum 209 Using yum to Find Software Packages 210 Getting More Information About Packages 211 Installing and Removing Software Packages 212 Showing Lists of Packages 214 Updating Packages 215 Working with yum Package Groups 216 Using yum History 218 Managing Package Module Streams 220 Understanding Modules 220 Managing Modules 221 Managing Software Packages with rpm 225 Understanding RPM Filenames 226 Querying the RPM Database 226 Querying RPM Package Files 227 Using repoquery 228 Summary 229 Exam Preparation Tasks 229 End-of-Chapter Labs 231 Chapter 10 Managing Processes 233 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 233 Foundation Topics 236 Introducing Process Management 236 Managing Shell Jobs 236 Running Jobs in the Foreground and Background 236 Managing Shell Jobs 237 Managing Parent-Child Relations 239 Using Common Command-Line Tools for Process Management 239 Understanding Processes and Threads 239 Using ps to Get Process Information 240 Adjusting Process Priority with nice 242 Sending Signals to Processes with kill, killall, and pkill 244 Using top to Manage Processes 246 Using tuned to Optimize Performance 248 Summary 249 Exam Preparation Tasks 249 End-of-Chapter Lab 251 Chapter 11 Working with Systemd 253 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 253 Foundation Topics 256 Understanding Systemd 256 Understanding Systemd Unit Locations 256 Understanding Systemd Service Units 257 Understanding Systemd Mount Units 258 Understanding Systemd Socket Units 259 Understanding Systemd Target Units 259 Managing Units Through Systemd 261 Managing Dependencies 263 Managing Unit Options 265 Summary 266 Exam Preparation Tasks 267 End-of-Chapter Lab 268 Chapter 12 Scheduling Tasks 271 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 271 Foundation Topics 274 Configuring cron to Automate Recurring Tasks 274 Managing the crond Service 274 Understanding cron Timing 276 Managing cron Configuration Files 276 Understanding the Purpose of anacron 278 Managing cron Security 280 Configuring at to Schedule Future Tasks 281 Summary 282 Exam Preparation Tasks 282 End-of-Chapter Lab 283 Chapter 13 Configuring Logging 285 "Do I Know Th.