This book is a part of a broad study about Confucianism and its implications for modernisation of the Confucian regions (covering mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, Vietnam, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Singapore). Singapore provides a typical example for understanding the Chinese 'Westernising' processes as well as for investigating possible implications of Confucianism for modernisation. It is argued that the difference in modernisation processes between the mainland China and overseas Chinese is much due to the differences in population size and geography. Since the Western powers had enforced China to open its doors to Western powers from the Opium War, many Chinese people left China for overseas. It is in foreign lands and in Taiwan that the Chinese have benefited from Western thought and institutions.