I Introduction 1. The History of the Prohibition of the Use of Force, Randall Lesaffer 2. The Debate about the Prohibition of the Use of Force and Collective Security as a Structural Element of International Relations Discourse Through the Centuries, Daniele Archibugi, Mariano Croce, and Andrea Salvatore 3. The Limitations of Traditional Rules and Institutions Relating to the Use of Force, Michael Glennon 4. The Enduring Relevance of Traditional Rules and Institutions Relating to the Use of Force, James Crawford 5. Feminist Perspectives on the Law on the Use of Force, Gina Heathcote 6. Exeptionalism, Lawfulness, and Legitimacy and the Rules on the Use of Force, Matthew Happold 7. The Use of Force as Enforcement of the International Legal Order?, Jean d''Aspremont 8.

Changing Jus Cogens through State Practice? - the Case of the Prohibition of the Use of Force, Alexander Orakhelashvili II Collective Security and the Non-use of Force 9. Reconfiguring the UN System of Collective Security, Ramesh Thakur 10. The Breadth and Scope of UN Security Council Forcible Mandates, Dan Sarooshi 11. Security Council Authorizations to Use Force: Recent Developments, Niels Blocker 12. When the Council Fails to Act: The Theories of the Unreasonable Veto, Implied Mandates and Devolution of Authority from the Security Council to Other Actors, Ian Johnstone 13. No-Fly Zones and Maritime Exclusion Zones in Security Council Practice, Rob McLaughlin 14. Military Sanctions Enforcement in the Absence of Express Authorization, Penelope Nevill 15. The Relationship Between the UN Security Council and General Assembly in Matters of International Peace and Security, Nigel D.

White 16. Regional Organizations and Arrangements: Authorization, Ratification or Independent Action, Erika de Wet 17. Justicibility of Matters Concerning the Use of Force, including issues addressed by the UN Security Council, before the ICJ, Mark Weisburd 18. The Use of Force in Complex Peace-keeping and Governance Operations, Scott Sheeran 19. Protection of Civilians in Security Council Practice, Haidi Willmot 20. Self-defence, Protection of Humanitarian Values and the Doctrine of Impartiality and Neutrality in Enforcement Mandates, Nicholas Tsagourias 21. Transparency, Accountability, and Responsibility for Internationally Mandated Operations, Charlotte Ku 22. Failure to Protect: Recent Experiences, Andre Nollkaemper III The Prohibition of the Use of Force, Self-Defence, and other Concepts 23.

Article 2(4) History and Present Content, Nico Schrijver 24. Intervention, Armed Intervention, Armed Attack, Threat to Peace, Act of Aggression, and Threat or Use of Force - What''s the Difference, Jan Klabbers 25. Non-aggression in the African Union, Chaloka Beyani 26. The Prohibition of the Use of Force and Non-intervention: Ambition and Practice in the OAS region, Jen Michel Arrighi 27. The Crime of Aggression at the ICC, Sean Murphy 28. The Prohibition of the Use of Force and Self-defence in ICJ Jurisprudence, Claus Kress 29. The Prohibition of the Use of Force in Arbitrations and Fact-Finding Reports, Roger O''Keefe 30. The Resilience of the Restrictive Rules on Self-defence, Jorg Kammerhofer 31.

Self-defence and Collective Security: Key Distinctions, Sir Michael Wood 32. Taming the Doctrine of Preemption, Ashley Deeks 33. Can Non-state Actors Mount an Armed Attack?, Kimberley Trapp 34. The Problem of Imminence in an Uncertain World, Noam Lubell 35. Action against Host States of Terrorist Groups, Lindsay Moir 36. When Does Self-defence End?, Terry Gill 37. Theatre of Operations, Jean Christophe Martin 38. Rendition and Abduction, Gregory S.

McNeil IV Action on Behalf of Peoples and Populations 39. Humanitarian Intervention, Sir Nigel Rodley 40. Pro-democratic Action, David Wippman 41. Intervention by Invitation, Gregory H. Fox 42. Self-determination Movements, Elizabeth Chadwick 43. Resistance to Armed Occupation, Francoise Hampson 44. A Unifying Theory of Forcible Action on Behalf of Peoples and Populations, Marc Weller V Revival of Classical Concepts? 45.

Necessity, Olivier Corten 46. Retaliation and Reprisal, Shane Darcy 47. Hot Pursuit, Bill Gilmore 48. The Threat of the Use of Force and Ultimata, Pierre Bodeau Livinec 49. Blockades and Interdictions, Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg 50. Rescuing Nationals Abroad, Mathias Forteau 51. Peace Agreements and the Use of Force, Martin Waelisch 52. The Legal Effect of War or a State of Armed Conflict, Marina Mancini VI Emerging Areasn 53.

Opposing the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Delivery Vehicles through Interdiction Operations, Guglielmo Verdirame and Vasco Becker Weinberg 54. The Implications of the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction for the Prohibition of the Use of Force, Daniel Joyner 55. Forcible Action to Combat Piracy, Douglas Guilfoyle 56. An Unending Theatre of Operations: War on Terror?, Bill Burke White 57. The Changing Environment and Emerging Resource Conflicts, Marco Pertile 58. Remotely Piloted Warfare as a Challenge to the Ius ad Bellum , Jordan Paust 59. Cyber ''Attacks'' - is the Law on the Use of Force ever Involved, Michael Schmidt 60. Private Military Companies and the Ius ad Bellum , Ian Ralby VII General Problems 61.

Ius Cogens Restrictions on, or Demands for, Forcible Action, Andre de Hoogh 62. Proportionality, Theodora Christodoulidou and Kalliopi Chainoglou 63. The Interrelationship of the Ius ad bellum and the Ius in bello, Okimoto Keichiro 64. Responsibility for the Misidentification of Circumstances Justifying the Use of Force, Stefan Talmon 65. Third States and the Use of Force, Luigi Condorelli and Paolo Palchetti VII Conclusion 66. Conclusion, Marc Weller.