New and expanded numbers of informative graphics and photos (ex. p. 139) More attention to diversity and multicultural issues Updated research Chapter lengths have been streamlined and condensed where possible Chapter-by-chapter changes include: Chapter 1: Parenting in Perspective An introductory discussion about childbearing trends Coverage about why people decide to have children Coverage of new trends, such as the Quiverfull Movement and Childfree by Choice Discussion about parenting as a process, including comprehensive coverage about mothering, fathering, and co-parenting Discussion about why the transition to parenthood is difficult for most Chapter 2: The Changing Nature of Parenting: Infancy and Early Childhood Coverage about child development theories, including discussions about psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, and sociocultural theories Discussion about parenting involvement with infants and toddlers Coverage about fathers'' involvement in parenting Coverage about maternal gatekeeping Discussion about ethnic group differences in parenting Chapter 3: The Changing Nature of Parenting: Middle Childhood and Adolescence Discussion about the stages of friendship development Discussion about the development of empathy Coverage about gender differences in the experiences of friendships Coverage about cross-sex friendships In-depth coverage about cultural, racial, and ethnic differences in friendship experiences; new coverage about racism and prejudice In-depth coverage about sexual attitudes and behaviors of preadolescents and adolescents In-depth discussion about the consequences of adolescent sexual behaviors (positive and negative) Comprehensive coverage about teen pregnancy, including discussions about the impacts of teen childbearing on teen moms on their babies, and interventions for adolescent parents Comprehensive coverage about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS among teens In-depth discussion about the influence of parents on teens'' sexual activities (includes coverage about racial/ethnic differences in how parents communicate about sex with their teens) Coverage on adolescent substance use and abuse In-depth coverage about bullying and hate crimes; includes a discussion about the bullied and the bulliers, and parents'' attitudes about bullying Chapter 4: The Changing Nature of Parenting: Later Life Discussion of the Family Life Cycle as a way to understand the multiple entrances and exits from the family of origin Discussion of the need for parents to transition from adult-child interactions to adult-adult interactions with their grown children Coverage about the revolving door syndrome, where adult children return home after launching Coverage about intergenerational ties In-depth coverage about racial and ethnic differences in the experiences of older adults and their grown children Factors that influence intimacy between older adults and their adult children Increasing trends in extended family experiences Extensive coverage about the experiences associated with grandparenting Coverage about grandparenting styles In-depth information about early, middle, and later grandparenting roles In-depth coverage about kinship care--grandparents who provide care for their grandchildren Information about how grandparents and grandchildren fare in kinship care relationships Coverage about stepgrandparenting Information about adult daughters and adult sons as caregivers for their aging parents Section about stressors associated with caregiving, including information about parents'' losses and needs and adult children''s losses and needs Chapter 5: Effective Strategies for Contemporary Parents Coverage about the processes of communication Discussion about communication within different family types: nuclear families, gay and lesbian families, stepfamilies, single-parent families, and cohabiting families Discussion about the cornerstones of effective communication Coverage about forgiveness as a family process and its importance to healthy parent-child relationships Chapter 6: Contemporary Parenting: Diversity and Change Section on parenting in cultural contexts, including a discussion about the differences between collectivist and individualistic cultures, and how these differing social identities influence parenting practices and techniques In-depth section about the diversity of today''s parents and families, including nuclear families, single-parent families, childless/childfree families, stepfamilies, cohabiting families, and gay and lesbian families In-depth coverage about how diversity influences parenting, including discussions about African American/Black Caribbean families, Latino American families, Asian American families, Native American/Alaska Native families, and Arab American families Coverage about parent-child interaction within these diverse racial/ethnic families Section about how children learn their racial and ethnic identities Coverage about governmental policies and how they affect the well-being of today''s families Discussions about poverty, the working poor, the rural poor, the urban poor, and those factors that lead to poverty Discussion about social welfare and how poverty and social welfare affect parenting behaviors Coverage about today''s economic pressures and how these affect parenting, as well as the effects on children Chapter 7: Parenting in Single-Parent and Stepfamilies Updated, in-depth discussion about single-parent families, including coverage about whether single-parent families have deficits or strengths In-depth coverage about the experiences of single-parent mothers, poverty, childcare issues, health issues, coping strategies employed by single moms, and parenting practices of single moms In-depth coverage about the experiences of single-parent fathers, including a discussion about the characteristics that differentiate single dads from single moms, sources of stress for single fathers, and parenting practices of single dads Discussion about binuclear families Coverage about the unique experiences of newly divorced mothers and new divorced fathers, and how their parenting behaviors are impacted by these experiences Coverage about divorced parents'' involvement with their children In-depth section about the negative effects of divorce on children, and children''s and adolescents'' adaptations to their parents'' divorces Discussion about the relationship between custodial parents and their children Discussion about the relationship between noncustodial parents and their children Coverage about co-parenting in binuclear families In-depth, new section about post-divorce spousal support, child support, and child custody Section about the challenges divorced parents face when parenting Coverage about the transition to stepfamily living, and common challenges children face during this transition Chapter 8: Parenting and Work: A Balancing Act Discussion about how working families changed the experiences of families, including coverage about dual-earner couples, and the different trends among various racial and ethnic groups Coverage about service men and women, and how their deployment not only affects their economic pictures, but how they parent, as well Discussion about the economic crisis facing the U.S., and the stressors these challenges add to today''s working families Discussion about dual-earner couples and family well-being Coverage about how parents cope with unemployment, and how unemployment increases such things as family instability and family violence Coverage about stay-at-home moms Section about stay-at-home dads Section about role conflicts and role strains faced by dual-earner couples Udated discussion about childcare Coverage about leisure time and parenthood Section about effective strategies for family, parenting, and work balance Chapter 9: Parenting in High-Risk Families Discussion about the growing crisis of family violence, including coverage about the victims and their batterers Coverage about the characteristics of parents who abuse their children, and types of child abuse and neglect (physical abuse, child sexual abuse, and emotional abuse) Coverage about the family characteristics often associated with abused and neglected children, as well as a new discussion about community characteristics and lack of social support Discussion about the effects of physical abuse and neglect on children, the effects of child sexual abuse, and the effects of family abuse Coverage on reporting abuse Updated coverage about homeless families, and characteristics of homeless parents and homeless children, and support for these families Chapter 10: Parenting Children with Exceptionalities Coverage about parents'' reactions to hav.