CHAPTER 1 An Introduction to Cancer Cell Biology and Genetics, 1 1.1 Introduction, 1 1.2 DNA Damage is the Cause of Every Cancer, 2 1.3 The Defining Features (Hallmarks) of Cancer Cells, 15 1.4 Genetic Variation among Cancer Cells in a Single Tumor, 16 1.5 The Cancer Microenvironment, 17 1.6 Cancer Spread/Metastasis, 19 1.7 Cancer Stem Cells, 23 1.

8 Obstacles that Prevent us from Curing Cancer, 24 1.9 Final Thoughts, 28 CHAPTER 2 Introducing Targeted Cancer Treatments, 33 2.1 Introduction, 34 2.2 Monoclonal Antibodies, 36 2.3 Kinase Inhibitors, 48 2.4 Final Thoughts, 60 CHAPTER 3 Treatments That Block Proteins Involved in Cell Communication, 65 3.1 Introduction, 65 3.2 Introducing Growth Factor Receptors, 67 3.

3 Drugs That Target EGFR, 75 3.4 Drugs That Target HER2, 81 3.5 Drugs That Block Other Growth Factor Receptors, 85 3.6 Introduction to Signaling Pathways as a Target for Cancer Therapy, 86 3.7 Targeting the MAPK Signaling Pathway, 87 3.8 Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway, 94 3.9 Targeting JAK-STAT Pathway, 100 3.10 Final Thoughts, 103 CHAPTER 4 Drugs That Target: Angiogenesis, Fusion Proteins, Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARP), Hedgehog Signaling, and CDKs, 111 4.

1 Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Introduction, 112 4.2 Drugs that Block Fusion Proteins: Bcr-Abl, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), RET, and ROS1, 122 4.3 PARP Inhibitors, 127 4.4 Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors, 134 4.5 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) Inhibitors, 139 4.6 Final Thoughts, 145 CHAPTER 5 Immunotherapies for Cancer, 151 5.1 Introduction, 152 5.2 A Bit About Cancer and the Immune System, 154 5.

3 Checkpoint Inhibitors, 160 5.4 Adoptive Cell Transfer, 168 5.5 Modified Bi-specific Antibodies, 175 5.6 Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, 176 5.7 The Future of Immunotherapy, 181 CHAPTER 6 Targeted Treatments for Common Solid Tumors, 187 6.1 Introduction, 188 6.2 Targeted Treatments for Breast Cancer, 188 6.3 Targeted Treatments for Prostate Cancer, 200 6.

4 Targeted Treatments for Lung Cancer, 204 6.5 Targeted Treatments for Bowel Cancer, 214 6.6 Targeted Treatments for Malignant Melanoma Skin Cancer, 220 6.7 Targeted Treatments for Kidney Cancer, 225 6.8 Targeted Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer, 231 6.9 Targeted Treatments for Brain Tumors, 235 6.10 Targeted Treatments for Bladder Cancer, 236 6.11 Targeted Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer, 240 6.

12 Final Thoughts, 244 CHAPTER 7 Targeted Treatments for Hematological Cancers, 259 7.1 Introduction, 259 7.2 A Bit about Hematological Cancers, 260 7.3 Antibody-Based Treatments that Target CD Antigens, 274 7.4 Drugs that Block BCR Signaling, 287 7.5 Bcr-Abl Inhibitors, 292 7.6 Drugs that Block the Proteasome, 294 7.7 Thalidomide and its Derivatives, 297 7.

8 JAK2 Inhibitors, 298 7.9 Bcl-2 Inhibitors, 299 7.10 FLT3 and KIT Inhibitors, 301 7.11 IDH2 Inhibitors, 304 7.12 CAR-Modified T Cell Therapy, 304 7.13 Final Thoughts, 304 Appendix, 313 Glossary of Terms, 315 Index 329.