Introduction: overview of conflicts. * Russian Red Army: command; organization; Estonian and Latvian Rifles units; campaign against Russian White Army and German forces; uniforms and insignia. * Estonian Forces: command; organization; foreign volunteers; campaign against Russian Red Army and German forces; uniforms and insignia. * Latvian Forces: command; organization; campaign against Russian Red Army and German forces; uniforms and insignia. * Lithuanian Forces: command; organization; campaigns against Russian Red Army, German and Polish forces; uniforms and insignia. * German Forces (ex-Eighth Army, Iron Division, Baltic Defence Force, German Legion ): command; organization; campaigns against Russian Red Army, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian forces; uniforms and insignia. * White Russian Forces (Northern Corps/NW Army, Western Volunteer Army): command; organization; campaign against Russian Red Army; uniforms and insignia. Throughout: * Battle orders: Russian Red Army, Estonian People's Army, Latvian Army, Lithuanian Army, German forces in Baltic, White Russian Army.

Rank insignia charts: Estonian, Latvian & Lithuanian armies, and German Baltic Defence Force Colour plate commentaries.