IntroductionSome useful grammatical terminologyPart 1: Word and sentence grammar1. Basic sentence types2. be, have and do3. Present and future4. Past and present tenses5. Modal verbs6. Passives7. Infinitives and -ing forms8.

Various structures with verbs9. Nouns and pronouns10. Determiners (1): articles, demonstratives and possessives11. Determiners (2): quantifiers12. Adjectives, adverbs and comparison13. Prepositions14. Conjunctions, clauses and tenses15. Adjectives (relative) clauses16.

Noun clauses17. Adverb clausesPart 2: Grammar beyond the sentenceInformation structure: what comes first?Information structure: getting the right subjectPronoun problemsLinking clauses with conjunctions and adverbsSpecial word order: frontingSpecial word order: inversionEmphasis: it.thatEmphasis: what.is/wasDiscourse markersReading complicated sentencesComplex noun phrases in writingMixed structuresEllipsis after auxiliariesEllipsis with infinitivesEllipsis with so and notEllipsis after and, but and orEllipsis at the beginning of spoken sentencesThe structure of spoken sentencesShort answers, reply questions and question tagsThree kinds of spoken questionPoliteness: using questionsPoliteness: being indirectEmphasis in speech: stressRepetitionAbbreviated stylesNews headlinesAppendicesAnswer keyIndex.