Chlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Most predominantly, women, and subsequently their babies, are at high risk of severe complications. In the UK, despite the Government acknowledging the issue as a public health priority, interventions to date have been ineffective and incidence of the infection continues to rise. The aim of this book is to examine the impact of chlamydia on women and their babies, and the potentially pivotal role that maternity services could play in the resolution of this issue.