Bayesian methods have increasingly become the standard statistical approach in medical research. Their use is encouraged by regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, due to the versatility of the methodology. This new edition of the leading text on Bayesian approaches to clinical trials has been extensively revised and updated to reflect recent developments in the field, and places greater emphasis on health technology assessment. New material on missing data and longitudinal analysis issues is also included. The book is introductory in nature and covers a broad array of essential topics. The first edition received universal praise. This update is designed to meet the developing needs of statisticians in the pharmaceutical industry, and anyone involved in conducting clinical trials and HTA work.