The book provides a tutorial-style introduction to large scale cognitive wireless networks, from a number of research angles: including communications and network engineering, system engineering, and network information theory. The concept of cognitive networking is so differentiated from traditional wireless networking, by its dynamic network resource access of both spectrum bandwidth and wireless node/radio availability. On the contrary, traditional wireless networks assume that those resources can be predetermined. The introduced method of cognitive networking can provide key advantages in large-scale wireless systems, such as: 1) supporting multimedia enabled real-time applications with unlimited scalability; 2) having high capacity with dynamic drop-and-play network; 3) being ideal for free unlicensed bands and battery operation; 4) being compatible with all off-the-shelf radio standards.