Table of Contents Acknowledgments vii Preface 1 PART I. WOMEN AND GOVERNANCE IN AFRICA Chapter 1. African Women Leaders: Historical Roles and Present-Day Status 5 Chapter 2. Women of Africa in New or Changing Roles 13 Chapter 3. Leadership and Globalism 27 Chapter 4. Profiles of African Women Leaders 33 PART II. PROGRESS OF AFRICAN WOMEN BY COUNTRY Introduction 61 NORTH AFRICA People's Democratic Republic of Algeria 65 Arab Republic of Egypt 67 Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah 68 Islamic Republic of Mauritania 69 Kingdom of Morocco 71 Republic of the Sudan 72 Tunisian Republic 73 Western Sahara 75 CENTRAL AFRICA Republic of Cameroon 77 Central African Republic 78 Republic of Chad 79 Republic of the Congo 80 Equatorial Guinea 82 Gabonese Republic 83 Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe 84 EAST AFRICA Republic of Burundi 87 Union of the Comoros 89 Democratic Republic of the Congo 89 Republic of Djibouti 91 State of Eritrea 93 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 94 Republic of Kenya 96 Republic of Madagascar 97 Republic of Rwanda 98 Republic of Seychelles 100 Somalia 101 Republic of Somaliland 102 United Republic of Tanzania 105 Republic of Uganda 107 WEST AFRICA Republic of Benin 109 Burkina Faso 110 Republic of Cape Verde 111 Republic of Côte d'Ivoire 113 Republic of The Gambia 114 Republic of Ghana 116 Republic of Guinea 117 Republic of Guinea-Bissau 119 Republic of Liberia 120 Republic of Mali 122 Republic of Niger 123 Federal Republic of Nigeria 125 Republic of Senegal 127 Republic of Sierra Leone 128 Togolese Republic 129 SOUTHERN AFRICA Republic of Angola 132 Republic of Botswana 133 Kingdom of Lesotho 135 Republic of Malawi 137 Republic of Mauritius 139 Republic of Mozambique 140 Republic of Namibia 141 Republic of South Africa 143 Kingdom of Swaziland 145 Republic of Zambia 146 Republic of Zimbabwe 148 Conclusion: Leadership, Power and Decision Making 153 Appendix: Women in Parliaments 157 Abbreviations and Glossary 163 Chapter Notes 165 Bibliography 187 Index 201.