Excerpt from Foreword The importance of the seminal works of father-son team Andr (1746-1802) and Franois-Andr (1770-1855) Michaux and Thomas Nuttall (1786-1859) to the study of American forestry as well to the foundation of The New York Botanical Garden's LuEsther T. Mertz Library Collection cannot be overstated. Andr's Flora Boreali-Americana (1803) was the first American flora and Franois-Andr's The North American Sylva (1817), with supplementary volumes by Nuttall in the 1840s, was the first silva . The latter remained a standard work for the study of North American woody plants throughout the 19th century. NYBG was founded in 1891 (its 250-acre site selected primarily because of stands of centuries-old trees and great diversity of woodland plants), and trees of this continent were an early area of research by its scientists. Shortly thereafter, the Garden's library was formed with high ambitions to become a comprehensive repository about the plants of the world. The Michaux work, in all of its many editions in French and English was--and continues to be--one of its most important acquisitions. We are delighted to present these important illustrations in a new volume on the occasion of the 125th Anniversary of The New York Botanical Garden.

In the 1890s, the Garden's founding Board established the Special Book Fund to acquire the antiquarian and rare materials that would form the base of our now world-renowned library. Philanthropists such as Andrew Carnegie and J.P. Morgan were among the principal donors to the Fund. Founding Director Nathaniel Lord Britton and his colleagues used this support to acquire thousands of rare books and illustrated folios for the new library. The first editions of The North American Sylva and other volumes by Michaux were acquired at this time. We have continued to add to the Michaux collection, including through an ongoing gift of works from the library of David L. Andrews, M.

D., starting in 2002. Some of our original editions of Michaux came from the collection of David Hosack, M.D. (1769-1835), who not coincidentally founded our predecessor institution, the Elgin Botanic Garden (1801-1812), the first botanical garden in New York City. Notably, among the volumes that Dr. Andrews donated was also a signed and numbered edition from the personal library of John Torrey, M.D.

, the father of American botany. It is natural that much of our collection has come from the libraries of physicians. There has always been a close connection between the medical profession and plant science, and many early botanists were themselves physicians. Both Hosack and Torrey held the position of chair of the botany department at Columbia College, and were instrumental in fostering the expansion of materia medica and botanical knowledge, which was vital to medical practice. This interest propelled New York City to become the center of American botanical scholarship in the early 19th century. New York City's continued prominence in plant science coincided with public interest in American natural history, ornamental horticulture, and Romantic garden design, as well as the growth of the nursery and seed industries--of which the Michaux, father and son, were involved through the nursery they ran for many years in New Jersey. The final push was the reform-minded City Beautiful Movement, which spurred the creation of the City's great cultural institutions at the end of the 19th century, including NYBG. Since then, the Mertz Library has become the premier library of botanical works in the world.

Each year, thousands of researchers from a variety of science and humanities disciplines, including molecular systematics, plant genomics, the history of science, new world exploration, garden and landscape history, botanical illustration, the book arts, and urban ecology, consult these wonderful collections. The Mertz Library has been generously funded over many years by the LuEsther T. Mertz Charitable Trust as well as The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and many others. The Library currently holds more than 1.3 million physical and digital items, including more than 18,000 rare volumes dated before 1850 and comprehensive, pre-Linnean collections of Medieval and Renaissance herbals, and large and small folios, alongside the latest botanical and horticultural publications. We also have one of the most active digitization programs of any botanical garden in the world, and are a founding member of the Biodiversity Heritage Library. I would like to thank Susan M.

Fraser, NYBG Vice President and Director of the Mertz Library, for engendering this project and contributing an essay on the publication history of The North American Sylva . She also organized a group of Garden staff to verify plant names and write the short species descriptions. They are acknowledged individually on page ##. We are also indebted to garden historian Marta McDowell and artist-naturalist David Allen Sibley whose own essays establish the context for this remarkable work. Gregory Long Chief Executive Officer The William C. Steere Sr. President.