Brief Table of Contents Part I. Devices and Basic Circuits 1. Signals and Amplifiers 2. Operational Amplifiers 3. Semiconductors 4. Diodes 5. MOS Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) 6. Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) Part II.

Integrated-Circuit Amplifiers 7. Building Blocks of Integrated-Circuit Amplifiers 8. Differential and Multistage Amplifiers 9. Frequency Response 10. Feedback 11. Output Stages and Power Amplifiers 12. Operational Amplifier Circuits Part III. Digital Integrated Circuits 13.

CMOS Digital Logic Circuits 14. Advanced MOS and Bipolar Logic Circuits 15. Memory Circuits Part IV. Filters and Oscillators 16. Filters and Tuned Amplifiers 17. Signal Generators and Waveform-Shaping Circuits Full Table of Contents Part I. Devices and Basic Circuits Chapter 1. Signals and Amplifiers Introduction 1.

1 Signals 1.2 Frequency Spectrum of Signals 1.3 Analog and Digital Signals 1.4 Amplifiers 1.4.1 Signal Amplification 1.4.2 Amplifier Circuit Symbol 1.

4.3 Voltage Gain 1.4.4 Power Gain and Current Gain 1.4.5 Expressing Gain in Decibels 1.4.6 Amplifier Power Supplies 1.

4.7 Amplifier Saturation 1.4.8 Symbol Convention 1.5 Circuit Models for Amplifiers 1.5.1 Voltage Amplifiers 1.5.

2 Cascaded Amplifiers 1.5.3 Other Amplifier Types 1.5.4 Relationships Between the Four Amplifier Models 1.5.5 Determining Ri and Ro 1.5.

6 Unilateral Models 1.6 Frequency Response of Amplifiers 1.6.1 Measuring the Amplifier Frequency Response 1.6.2 Amplifier Bandwidth 1.6.3 Evaluating the Frequency Response of Amplifiers 1.

6.4 Single-Time-Constant Networks 1.6.5 Classification of Amplifiers Based on Frequency Response Summary Problems Chapter 2. Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) Introduction 2.1 The Ideal Op Amp 2.1.1 The Op-Amp Terminals 2.

1.2 Function and Characteristics of the Ideal Op Amp 2.1.3 Differential and Common-Mode Signals 2.2 The Inverting Configuration 2.2.1 The Closed-Loop Gain 2.2.

2 Effect of the Finite Open-Loop Gain 2.2.3 Input and Output Resistances 2.2.4 An Important Application: The Weighted Summer 2.3 The Noninverting Configuration 2.3.1 The Closed-Loop Gain 2.

3.2 Effect of the Finite Open-Loop Gain 2.3.3 Input and Output Resistances 2.3.4 The Voltage Follower 2.4 Difference Amplifiers 2.4.

1 A Single Op-Amp Difference Amplifier 2.4.2 A Superior Circuit: The Instrumentation Amplifier 2.5 Integrators and Differentiators 2.5.1 The Inverting Configuration with General Impedances 2.5.2 The Inverting Integrator 2.

5.3 The Op-Amp Differentiator 2.6 DC Imperfections 2.6.1 Offset Voltage 2.6.2 Input Bias and Offset Currents 2.6.

3 Effect of Vos and Ios on the Operation of the Inverting Integrator 2.7 Effect of Finite Open-Loop Gain and Bandwidth on Circuit Performance 2.7.1 Frequency Dependence of the Open-Loop Gain 2.7.2 Frequency Response of the Closed-Loop Amplifier 2.8 Large-Signal Operation of Op Amps 2.8.

1 Output Voltage Saturation 2.8.2 Output Current Limits 2.8.3 Slew Rate 2.8.4 Full-Power Bandwidth Summary Problems Chapter 3. Semiconductors 3.

1 Intrinsic Semiconductors 3.2 Doped Semiconductors 3.3 Current Flow in Semiconductors 3.3.1 Drift Current 3.3.2 Diffusion Current 3.3.

3 Relationship Between D and ? 3.4 The pn Junction with Open-Circuit Terminals (Equilibrium) 3.4.1 Physical Structure 3.4.2 Operation with Open-Circuit Terminals 3.5 The pn Junction with Applied Voltage 3.5.

1 Qualitative Description of Junction Operation 3.5.2 The Current-Voltage Relationship of the Junction 3.5.3 Reverse Breakdown 3.6 Capacitive Effects in the pn Junction 3.6.1 Depletion or Junction Capacitance 3.

6.2 Diffusion Capacitance Summary Problems Chapter 4. Diodes 4.1 The Ideal Diode 4.1.1 Current-Voltage Characteristic 4.1.2 A Simple Application: The Rectifier 4.

1.3 Another Application: Diode Logic Gates 4.2 Terminal Characteristics of Junction Diodes 4.2.1 The Forward-Bias Region 4.2.2 The Reverse-Bias Region 4.2.

3 The Breakdown Region 4.3 Modelling the Diode Forward Characteristic 4.3.1 The Exponential Model 4.3.2 Graphical Analysis Using the Exponential Model 4.3.3 Iterative Analysis Using the Exponential Model 4.

3.4 The Need for Rapid Analysis 4.3.5 The Constant-Voltage Drop Model 4.3.6 The Ideal-Diode Model 4.3.7 The Small-Signal Model 4.

3.8 Use of the Diode Forward Drop in Voltage Regulation 4.4 Operation in the Reverse Breakdown Region-Zener Diodes 4.4.1 Specifying and Modeling the Zener Diode 4.4.2 Use of the Zener as a Shunt Regulator 4.4.

3 Temperature Effects 4.4.4 A Final Remark 4.5 Rectifier Circuits 4.5.1 The Half-Wave Rectifier 4.5.2 The Full-Wave Rectifier 4.

5.3 The Bridge Rectifier 4.5.4 The Rectifier with a Filter Capacitor-The Peak Rectifier 4.5.5 Precision Half-Wave Rectifier-The Super Diode 4.6 Limiting and Clamping Circuits 4.6.

1 Limiter Circuits 4.6.2 The Clamped Capacitor or DC Restorer 4.6.3 The Voltage Doubler 4.7 Special Diode Types 4.7.1 The Schottky-Barrier Diode (SBD) 4.

7.2 Varactors 4.7.3 Photodiodes 4.7.4 Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Summary Problems Chapter 5. MOS Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) 5.1 Device Structure and Physical Operation 5.

1.1 Device Structure 5.1.2 Operation with Zero Gate Voltage 5.1.3 Creating a Channel for Current Flow 5.1.4 Applying a Small ?DS 5.

1.5 Operation as ?DS is Increased 5.1.6 Operation for ?DS ? VOV 5.1.7 The p-Channel MOSFET 5.1.8 Complementary MOS or CMOS 5.

1.9 Operating the MOS Transistor in the Subthreshold Region 5.2 Current-Voltage Characteristics 5.2.1 Circuit Symbol 5.2.2 The iD- ?DS Characteristics 5.2.

3 The iD-nuGS Characteristic 5.2.4 Finite Output Resistance in Saturation 5.2.5 Characteristics of the p-Channel MOSFET 5.3 MOSFET Circuits at DC 5.4 Applying the MOSFET in Amplifier Design 5.4.

1 Obtaining a Voltage Amplifier 5.4.2 The Voltage Transfer Characteristic (VTC) 5.4.3 Biasing the MOSFET to Obtain Linear Amplification 5.4.4 The Small-Signal Voltage Gain 5.4.

5 Determining the VTC by Graphical Analysis 5.4.6 Locating the Bias Point Q 5.5 Small-Signal Operation and Models 5.5.1 The DC Bias Point 5.5.2 The Signal Current in the Drain Terminal 5.

5.3 Voltage Gain 5.5.4 Separating the DC Analysis and the Signal Analysis 5.5.5 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Models 5.5.6 The Transconductance gm 5.

5.7 The T Equivalent Circuit Model 5.5.8 Summary 5.6 Basic MOSFET Amplifier Configurations 5.6.1 The Three Basic Configurations 5.6.

2 Characterizing Amplifiers 5.6.3 The Common-Source Configuration 5.6.4 The Common-Source Amplifier with a Source Resistance 5.6.5 The Common-Gate Amplifier 5.6.

6 The Common-Drain Amplifier or Source Follower 5.6.7 Summary and Comparisons 5.7 Biasing in MOS Amplifier Circuits 5.7.1 Biasing by Fixing VGS 5.7.2 Biasing by Fixing VG and Connecting a Resistance in the Source 5.

7.3 Biasing Using a Drain-to-Gate Feedback Resistance 5.7.4 Biasing Using a Constant-Current Source 5.7.5 A Final Remark 5.8 Discrete-Circuit MOS Amplifiers 5.8.

1 The Basic Structure 5.8.2 The Common-Source (CS) Amplifier 5.8.3 The Common-Source Amplifier with a Source Resistance 5.8.4 The Common-Gate Amplifier 5.8.

5 The Source Follower 5.8.6 The Amplifier Bandwidth 5.9 The Body Effect and Other Topics 5.9.1 The Role of the Substrate-The Body Effect 5.9.2 Modeling the Body Effect 5.

9.3 Temperature Effects 5.9.4 Breakdown and Input Protection 5.9.5 Velocity Saturation 5.9.6 The Depletion-Type MOSFET Summary Problems Chapter 6.

Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) 6.1 Device Structure and Physical Operation 6.1.1 Simplified Structure and Modes of Operation 6.1.2 Operation of the npn Transistor in the Active Mode Current Flow The Collector Current The Base Current The Emitter Current Recapitulation and Equivalent-Circuit Models 6.1.3 Structure of Actual Transistors 6.

1.4 Operation in the Saturation Mode 6.1.5 The pnp Transistor 6.2 Current-Voltage Characteristics 6.2.1 Circuit Symbols and Conventions The Constant n Collector-Base Reverse Current (ICBO) 6.2.

2 Graphical Representation of Transistor Characteristics 6.2.3 Dependence of iC on the Collector Voltage-The Early Effect 6.2.4 An Alternative Form of the Common-Emitter Characteristics The Common-Emitter Current Gain ? The Saturation Voltage VCEsat and Saturation Resistance RCEsat 6.3 BJT Circuits at DC 6.4 Applying the BJT in Amplifier Design 6.4.

1 Obtaining a Voltage Amplifier 6.4.2 The Voltage Transfer Characteristic (VTC) 6.4.3 Biasing the BJT to Obtain Linear Amplification 6.4.4 The Small-Signal Voltage Gain 6.4.

5 Determining the VTC by Graphical Analysis 6.4.6 Locating the Bias Point Q 6.5 Small-Signal Operation and Models 6.5.1 The Collector Current and the Tr.