Table of contents Preface 1. "Serious queries" and "editorial epistemologies:" How social media are contending with misinformation - Richard Rogers 2. Problematic information in Google Web Search? Scrutinizing the results from U.S. election-related queries - Guillen Torres 3. The scale of Facebook's problem depends upon how "fake news" is classified - Richard Rogers 4. When misinformation migrates: Cross-platform posting, YouTube and the deep vernacular web - Anthony Glyn Burton 5. Fringe players on political Twitter: Source-sharing dynamics, partisanship and problematic actors - Maarten Groen and Marloes Geboers 6.

Twitter as accidental authority: How a platform assumed an adjudicative role during the COVID-19 pandemic - Emillie de Keulenaar, Ivan Kisjes, Rory Smith, Carina Albrecht and Eleonora Cappuccio 7. The earnest platform: Coverage of the U.S. presidential candidates, COVID-19 and social issues on Instagram - Sabine Niederer and Gabriele Colombo 8. A fringe mainstreamed, or tracing antagonistic slang between 4chan and Breitbart before and after Trump - Stijn Peeters, Tom Willaert, Marc Tuters, Katrien Beuls, Paul Van Eecke and Jeroen Van Soest 9. Political TikTok: Playful performance, ambivalent critique and event-commentary - Natalia Sánchez-Querubín, Shuaishuai Wang, Briar Dickey and Andrea Benedetti Afterword: The misinformation problem and the deplatforming debates Index.