Section I - Genetics and Embryology Basic Genetic Principles Prenatal Diagnosis Basic Embryology Regulation of Embryogenesis The Extracellular Matrix in Development Stem Cell Biology Apoptotic Cell Death Angiogenesis Epigenetics Section II - Placenta and Intrauterine Environment Placental Development Regulation of the Placental Circulation Mechanisms of Transfer Across the Human Placenta Endocrine and Paracrine Function of the Human Placenta Fetal and Maternal Responses to Intrauterine Infection Fetal Origins of Adult Disease: A Classic Hypothesis with New Relevance Physiologic Effects of Multiple Pregnancy on Mother and Fetus Placental function in intrauterine growth restriction Section III - Developmental Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Basic Pharmacologic Principles Principles of Pharmacokinetics Physicochemical and Structural Properties Regulating Placental Drug Transfer Pharmacogenetics Drug Distribution in Fetal Life Drug Transfer During Breastfeeding Section IV - Intrauterine and Postnatal Growth Circulatory and Metabolic Changes Accompanying Fetal Growth Restriction Endocrine Factors Affecting Neonatal Growth Human Milk Composition and Function in the Infant Physiology of Lactation Section V - Perinatal Iron, Mineral, and Vitamin Metabolism Fetal and Neonatal Iron Metabolism Neonatal Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Homeostasis Zinc in the Fetus and Neonate Vitamin A Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate Vitamin E Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn Infant Vitamin K Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate Section VI - Lipid Metabolism Maternal-Fetal Transfer of Lipid Metabolites Brown Adipose Tissue: Development and Function Lipids as an Energy Source for the Premature and Full-Term Neonate Ketone Body Production and Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Developing Retina and Brain Section VII - Carbohydrate Metabolism Metabolism of Glucose and Methods of Investigation in the Fetus and Newborn Carbohydrate Metabolism During Pregnancy Oxygen Consumption and General Carbohydrate Metabolism of the Fetus Role of Glucoregulatory Hormones in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism During the Perinatal Period Cell Glucose Transport and Glucose Handling During Fetal and Neonatal Development Section VIII - Protein Metabolism General Concepts of Protein Metabolism Fetal Requirements and Placental Transfer of Nitrogenous Compounds Section IX - Thermoregulation Temperature Control in Newborn Infants Responses of the Fetus and Neonate to Hypothermia Section X - Skin Structure and Development of Skin and Cutaneous Appendages Physiologic Development of the Skin Section XI - Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology Cardiovascular Development Developmental Electrophysiology in the Fetus and Neonate Developmental Biology of the Pulmonary Vasculature Development of the Gastrointestinal Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn Physiology of Congenital Heart Disease in the Neonate Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure During Fetal and Newborn Life Developmental Effects on Fetal Circulation Mechanisms Regulating Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus Umbilical Circulation Fetal and Placental Circulation During Labor Physiology of Resuscitation Section XII - The Lung Normal and Abnormal Structural Development of the Lung Regulation of Alveolarization Physiologic Mechanisms of Normal and Altered Lung Growth Before and After Birth Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Development and Lung Branching Morphogenesis Regulation of Liquid Secretion and Absorption by the Fetal and Neonatal Lung Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation, and Development Regulation of Lower Airway Function Functional Development of Respiratory Muscles Mechanics of Breathing Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the Developing Lung Oxygen Transport and Delivery Control of Breathing in Fetal Life and Onset and Control of Breathing in the Neonate Basic Mechanisms of Oxygen Sensing and Response to Hypoxia Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in the Neonate Mechanisms of Neonatal Lung Injury Impaired Lung Growth After Injury in Premature Lung Antenatal Factors That Influence Postnatal Lung Development and Injury Regulation of Pulmonary Circulation Section XIII - Surfactant Historical Perspective Composition of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids and Proteins Structure And Development of Alveolar Epithelial Cells Regulation of Surfactant-Associated Phospholipid Synthesis and Secretion Hormonal Therapy for Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome Surfactant Treatment Genetics and Physiology of Surfactant Protein Deficiencies Section XIV - Physiology of Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate Trophic Factors and Regulation of Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver Development Organogenesis of the Gastrointestinal Tract Development of the Enteric Nervous System Development of Gastric Secretory Function Development of Gastrointestinal Motility Development of the Exocrine Pancreas Digestive-Absorption Functions in Fetuses, Infants, and Children Development of the Intestinal Microbiome Section XV - Liver and Bilirubin Metabolism Organogenesis and Histologic Development of the Liver Bile Acid Metabolism During Development Neonatal Bilirubin Metabolism Hereditary Contribution to Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia Mechanisms of Action of Phototherapy for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia Section XVI - The Kidney Embryogenesis and Anatomic Development of the Kidney Functional Development of the Kidney in Utero Development and Regulation of Renal Blood flow in the Neonate Development of the Renin-Angiotensin System Postnatal Development of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Neonates Renal Transport of Sodium During Early Development Potassium Homeostasis in the Fetus and Neonate Role of the Kidney in Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis Transport of Amino Acids in the Fetus and Neonate Developmental Aspects of Organic Acid Transport Concentration and Dilution of the Urine Development of Acidification Mechanisms in the Fetus and Neonate Response to Nephron Loss in Early Development Section XVII - Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism Fluid Distribution in the Fetus and Neonate Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in the Fetus and Neonate Section XVIII - Developmental Hematopoiesis Developmental Biology of Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Adult Developmental Granulocytopoiesis Developmental Erythropoiesis Developmental Megakaryocytopoiesis Section XIX - Hemostasis Developmental Hemostasis Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions Section XX - Developmental Immunobiology Host Defense Mechanisms Against Bacteria Host-Fungi Interactions Relevant to the Newborn Infant Host Defense Mechanisms Against Viruses T-Cell Development B-Cell Development Mononuclear Phagocyte System Normal and Abnormal Neutrophil Physiology in the Newborn The Complement System of the Fetus and Newborn Cytokines and Inflammatory Response in the Fetus and Neonate Immunology of Human Milk and Host Immunity Neonatal Pulmonary Host Defense Section XXI - Neurology Development of the Nervous System.