This book covers leading-edge research in a cross-section of fields centering on engineering applications including current research data on structure-functional design of new catalysts for engineering of productive and environmental catalysis processes; influence of friction stir processing on the surface modification of the titanium alloy; innovative process energy saving based on enhanced process integration; P-C coupling reactions under environmentally-friendly conditions; combustion synthesis of nanocrystalline nickel oxides; materials for 99Mo/99mTc generator columns; fundamentals of singlet oxygen, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide for engineering; and coordinate geometric generalization of the spherometer and cylindrometer.