Preface xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Elements of Information Networks 3 1.3 Evolution of Wireless Access to the PSTN 17 1.4 Evolution of Wireless Access to the Internet 21 1.5 Evolution of Wireless Localization Technologies 27 1.6 Structure of this Book 29 Part I PRINCIPLES OF AIR-INTERFERENCE DESIGN 2 Characteristics of the Wireless Medium 39 2.1 Introduction 39 2.

2 Modeling of Large-scale RSS, Path Loss, and Shadow Fading 45 2.3 Modeling of RSS Fluctuations and Doppler Spectrum 60 2.4 Wideband Modeling of Multipath Characteristics 72 2.5 Emerging Channel Models 79 Appendix A2: What Is the Decibel? 84 3 Physical Layer Alternatives forWireless Networks 99 3.1 Introduction 99 3.2 Physical Layer Basics: Data rate, Bandwidth, and Power 100 3.3 Performance in Multipath Wireless Channels 107 3.4 Wireless Transmission Techniques 112 3.

5 Multipath Resistant Techniques 120 3.6 Coding Techniques for Wireless Communications 136 3.7 Cognitive Radio and Dynamic Spectrum Access 145 Appendix A3 145 4 Medium Access Methods 153 4.1 Introduction 153 4.2 Centralized Assigned-Access Schemes 155 4.3 Distributed Random Access for Data Oriented Networks 173 4.4 Integration of Voice and Data Traffic 195 Part II PRINCIPLES OF NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN 5 Deployment ofWireless Networks 217 5.1 Introduction 217 5.

2 Wireless Network Architectures 218 5.3 Interference in Wireless Networks 224 5.4 Deployment of Wireless LANs 233 5.5 Cellular Topology, Cell Fundamentals, and Frequency Reuse 238 5.6 Capacity Expansion Techniques 248 5.7 Network Planning for CDMA Systems 268 5.8 Femtocells 270 6 Wireless Network Operations 275 6.1 Introduction 275 6.

2 Cell Search and Registration 281 6.3 Mobility Management 283 6.4 Radio Resources and Power Management 301 7 Wireless Network Security 321 7.1 Introduction 321 7.2 Security in Wireless Local Networks 324 7.3 Security in Wireless Personal Networks 330 7.4 Security in Wide Area Wireless Networks 334 7.5 Miscellaneous Issues 340 Appendix A7: An Overview of Cryptography and Cryptographic Protocols 341 Part III WIRELESS LOCAL ACCESS 8 Wireless LANs 357 8.

1 Introduction 357 8.2 Wireless Local Area Networks and Standards 363 8.3 IEEE 802.11 WLAN Operations 369 9 Low Power Sensor Networks 405 9.1 Introduction 405 9.2 Bluetooth 406 9.3 IEEE 802.15.

4 and ZigBee 424 9.4 IEEE 802.15.6 Body Area Networks 434 10 GigabitWireless 447 10.1 Introduction 447 10.2 UWB Communications at 3.1-10.6 GHz 451 10.

3 Gigabit Wireless at 60 GHz 467 Part IV WIDE AREA WIRELESS ACCESS 11 TDMA Cellular Systems 479 11.1 Introduction 479 11.2 What is TDMA Cellular? 480 11.3 Mechanisms to Support a Mobile Environment 486 11.4 Communication Protocols 491 11.5 Channel Models for Cellular Networks 501 11.6 Transmission Techniques in TDMA Cellular 508 11.7 Evolution of TDMA for Internet Access 512 12 CDMA Cellular Systems 519 12.

1 Introduction 519 12.2 Why CDMA? 520 12.3 CDMA Based Cellular Systems 521 12.4 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 522 12.5 Communication Channels and Protocols in Example CDMA Systems 534 12.6 Cell Search, Mobility, and Radio Resource Management in CDMA 546 12.7 High Speed Packet Access 554 13 OFDM and MIMO Cellular Systems 561 13.1 Introduction 561 13.

2 Why OFDM? 562 13.3 Multiple Input Multiple Output 572 13.4 WiMax 576 13.5 Long Term Evolution 582 13.6 LTE Advanced 591 Part V WIRELESS LOCALIZATION 14 Geolocation Systems 597 14.1 Introduction 597 14.2 What is Wireless Geolocation? 598 14.3 RF Location Sensing and Positioning Methodologies 602 14.

4 Location Services Architecture for Cellular Systems 613 14.5 Positioning in Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks 620 15 Fundamentals of RF Localization 625 15.1 Introduction 625 15.2 Modeling of the Behavior of RF Sensors 626 15.3 Performance Bounds for Ranging 631 15.4 Wireless Positioning Algorithms 639 16 Wireless Localization in Practice 653 16.1 Introduction 653 16.2 Emergence of Wi-Fi Localization 653 16.

3 Comparison of Wi-Fi Localization Systems 657 16.4 Practical TOA Measurement 665 16.5 Localization in the Absence of DP 669 16.6 Challenges in Localization inside the Human Body 675 References 687 Index 701.