Fundamental techniques: Kjeld method; quantitative amino acid analysis and combustion analysis. Copper binding methods: the alkaline copper reagent - biuret assay; the Lowry method; the bicinchoninic acid protein assay. Dye binding methods: the Udy methods; the Bradford method - principles; Bradford assay - applications. Immunological methods for protein speciation: immunological assay - general principles and the Agar diffusion assay; speciation of meat proteins by enzyme-linked.