Introduction to Complexity and Complex Systems Introduction to Complexity Why Study Complex Systems? Human Responses to Complexity Complex Systems Engineering Chapter Summary Introduction to Large Linear Systems Introduction Linearity, Causality & Stationarity L TI System Tools Impulse Response, Frequency Response and Real Convolution Systems Described by Large Sets of Linear ODEs Stability of Linear Systems Signal Flow Graphs and Mason's Rule Chapter Summary Introduction to Nonlinear Biochemical Systems and Biochemical Oscillators Introduction Some General Properties of NonIinear Systems All Living Systems Are Nonlinear Parametric Regulation in Complex Biological Systems Chaos, Stability and Limit Cycle Oscillations in Nonlinear Systems Chapter Summary Modularity, Redundancy, Degeneracy, Pleiotropy and Robustness in Complex Biological Systems Introduction Measures of Modularity Modularity in Physiological Organ Systems Modularity in Gene Regulation and Development Network Motifs and Modularity Redundancy, Degeneracy, Pleiotropy and Robustness Chapter Summary The Evolution of Biological Complexity; Invertebrate Immune Systems Introduction Darwinian Evolution; a Brief Summary Why Does a Rise in Complexity Accompany Biological Evolution? Examples of Biological Complexity; Invertebrate Immune Systems Chapter Summary The Complex Adaptive and Innate Human Immune Systems Introduction An Overview of the CAIS A Summary of the Cells of the hIS Innate Immune Systems Antigen presentation Autacoids Immunocytokines, Proteins and Glycoproteins Secreted by hIS Cells Discussion How the hIS is Adaptive Chapter Summary Complexity in Quasispecies MicroRNAs Quasispecies; Viral and Bacterial Evolutionary Models [see Kamp papers in NB3] The Role of Micro-RNAs in the Regulation of Gene Expression and Disease Chapter Summary Introduction to Physiological Complexity Examples of Models of Some Complex Physiological Systems Introduction Physiology Defined Homeostasis Structure & Function Some Examples of Complex Physiological Regulatory Systems and their Models Examples of When Complex Physiological Systems Fail Chapter Summary The Quest for Quantitative Measures of Complexity Introduction Intuitive Measures of Complexity Sensitivities Structural Complexity Measures Informatic Complexity Measures Chapter Summary "Irreducible and Specified Complexity" in Living Systems Introduction Irreducible Complexity Specified Complexity Chapter Summary Introduction to Complexity in Economic Systems Introduction Economic Systems Chapter Summary Dealing with Complexity Introduction Dorner's Approaches to Tackling Complex Problems Frederic Vester's "Paper Computer" The Sensitivity Model of Vester Learning From Our Mistakes Chapter Summary Appendix Bibliography and References Glossary Index.