List of Tables, Figures, and BoxesPreface PART I. BackgroundChapter 1. Introduction: What Are Subsidies?- Definition- Equity Concerns- Why Subsidies Are Often Unpopular- The Scale of Subsidies- Environmental Externalities- Research Methodology- Key CaveatChapter 2. When Do Subsidies Become Perverse?- Environmental and Economic Values- Environmental and Economic Costs- Environmental Externalities Revisited- The Question of Uncertainty- Global Warming- Summation and Conclusion PART II. Sectoral AnalysesChapter 3. Agriculture- The Subsidies Phenomenon- United States- All OECD Countries- Non-OECD Countries- The Environmental Resource Base-Subsidies Worldwide-Scope for Policy InterventionsChapter 4. Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Energy-United States-All OECD Countries-The Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe-Other Non-OECD Countries-Nuclear Energy-Environmental Externalities-Subsidies Worldwide-Policy OptionsChapter 5. Road Transportation-United States-Total U.
S. Subsidies-Other OECD Countries-Total Subsidies in OECD Countries-Subsidies in Non-OECD Countries-Subsidies Worldwide-Policy ResponsesChapter 6. Water-Water Demand and Supply-Water Waste and Subsidies-Adverse Consequences-Water as a Free Good-Inefficiency and Waste- Three Case Studies- Subsidies Worldwide- Scope for Policy ReformChapter 7. Fisheries- Marine Fisheries in Decline- Reasons for Decline- Subsidies Worldwide- Policy ResponsesChapter 8. Forestry- Example of Overlogging: Indonesia- Example of Cattle Ranching: Brazil- Other Examples of Subsidized Deforestation in the Humid Tropics- Total Subsidies in Tropical Forestry- Examples of Overlogging in Developed Countries- Subsidies Worldwide- Environmental ExternalitiesChapter 9. Overview Assessment- Perverse Subsidies: The Leaders in Absurdity- The Crux: Covert Costs of Perverse Subsidies- The Double Dividend PART III. PolicyChapter 10. What Shall We Do About It All?- Big-Picture Strategies- Supplementary Measures- Subsidies to Support the Environment- Perverse Subsidies and the Taxpayer: Some Better News NotesIndex.