I. Film as an Art The Nature of Art The Spectrum of Art: Modes of Discourse Film, Recording, and the Other Arts Film, Photography, and Painting; Film and the Novel; Film and Theater; Film and Music; Film and the Environmental Arts: The Structure of Art II. Technology: Image and Sound Art and Technology Image Technology; Sound Technology: The Lens The Camera The Filmstock Negatives, Prints, and Generations; Aspect Ratio; Grain Gauge, and Speed; Contrast, Tone, and Color: The Soundtrack Post-Production Editing; Mixing and Looping; Special Effects; Opticals and the Laboratory: The Uses of Video Projection III. The Language of Film: Signs and Syntax Signs The Physiology of Perception; Denotative and Connotative Meaning: Reading the Image: Syntax Codes; Mise en Scene (The Framed Image); The Diachronic Shot; Sound; Montage; Reading the Narrative: IV. The Shape of Film History "The Movies": Economics The Birthe of Film; The Silent Business; Sound; The Studios; Film versus Television; the Conglomerates and Independents: "The Film": Politics Ontological Level; Mimetic Level; Inherent Level; Psychopolitics; Sociopolitics: "The Cinema": Esthetics Creating an Art; Lumiere versus Melies; The Silent Feature: Realism versus Expressionism; Hollywood: Genre versus Auteur; Neorealism and After: Hollywood versus the World; The New Wave and the Third World: Entertainment versus Communication (The New Wave; Avant Gard, Direct Cinema and Cinema Verite; England; Italy; Sweden; Eastern Europe; The Third World; Japan and Asia; New French Cinema; Das Neue Kino; Swiss Cinema; American Film Now); The Eighties and Beyond: Democracy and Technology: End of Cinema: V. Film Theory: Form and Function The Poet and the Philosopher: Lindsay and Munsterberg Expressionism and Realism: Arnheim and Kracauer Montage: Pudovkin, Eisenstein, Balazs, and Formalism Mise en Scene: Neorealism, Bazin, and Godard Film Speaks and Acts: Metz and Contemporary Theory VI. Media Print and Electronic Media The Technology of Mechanical Electronic Media Radio and Records Television and Video A Concluding Note: Media Democracy Appendix I: A Standard Glossary for Film and Media Criticism Appendix II: Reading about Film and Media Part One: A Basic Library Part Two: Information Appendix III: Film and Media: A Chronology Index.