Part I: Nanomaterials 1 Cellulose Nanofibers: Synthesis, Properties and Applications 3 Mahuya Das and Rupa Bhattacharyya 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Synthesis of Cellulose Nanofibers 4 1.3 Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers 14 1.4 Applications of Nanocellulose Fibers 28 1.5 Conclusion 32 References 33 2 Bacterial Nanocellulose: Synthesis, Properties and Applications 39 M.L. Foresti, P.
Cerrutti and A. Vazquez 2.1 Introduction 39 2.2 Bacterial Nanocellulose Synthesis 41 2.3 Bacterial Nanocellulose Properties 49 2.4 Bacterial Nanocellulose Applications 52 2.5 Conclusions 57 References 58 3 Carbon Nanofibers: Synthesis, Properties and Applications 63 Tanmoy Rath 3.1 Introduction 63 3.
2 Carbon Nanofiber Structure and Defects 65 3.3 Synthesis 67 3.4 Growth Mechanism of CNFs 77 3.5 Properties 78 3.6 Applications 82 3.7 Conclusion 84 References 85 4 Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Properties and Applications 89 Raghunandan Sharma Poonam Benjwal and Kamal K. Kar 4.1 Introduction 89 4.
2 Carbon Nanostructures 91 4.3 Structure: Chirality 97 4.4 Synthesis 99 4.5 Characterizations 103 4.6 Properties 108 4.7 Applications 112 4.8 Conclusions 131 Acknowledgement 132 References 132 5 Graphene: Synthesis, Properties and Application 139 Subash Chandra Sahu, Aneeya K. Samantara, Jagdeep Mohanta, Bikash Kumar Jena and Satyabrata Si 5.
1 Introduction 140 5.2 History of Graphene 142 5.3 Natural Occurrence 143 5.4 Carbon Allotropes 144 5.5 Molecular Structure and Chemistry of Graphene 147 5.6 Properties of Graphene 147 5.7 Synthesis of Graphene 153 5.8 Biomedical Application of Graphene 155 5.
9 Graphene in Energy 166 5.10 Graphene in Electronics 174 5.11 Graphene in Catalysis 177 5.12 Graphene Composites 177 5.13 Conclusion and Perspective 179 Acknowledgement 180 References 181 6 Nanoclays: Synthesis, Properties and Applications 195 Biswabandita Kar and Dibyaranjan Rout 6.1 Introduction 195 6.2 Structure and Properties of Nanoclays 196Contents ix 6.3 Synthesis of Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites 203 6.
4 Applications of Nanoclays 206 6.5 Conclusion 211 References 212 7 Applications for Nanocellulose in Polyolefins-Based Composites 215 Alcides Lopes Leao, Bibin Mathew Cherian, Suresh Narine, Mohini Sain, Sivoney Souza and Sabu Thomas 7.1 Introduction 215 7.2 Flexural Strength 224 References 227 8 Recent Progress in Nanocomposites Based on Carbon Nanomaterials and Electronically Conducting Polymers 229 Jayesh Cherusseri and Kamal K. Kar 8.1 Introduction 230 8.2 Electronically Conducting Polymers 230 8.3 Carbon Nanomaterials 233 8.
4 Why Nanocomposites? 235 8.5 Electronically Conducting Polymer/Fullerene Nanocomposites 236 8.6 Electronically Conducting Polymer/Carbon Nanofiber Nanocomposites 240 8.7 Electronically Conducting Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites 243 8.8 Electronically Conducting Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites 246 8.9 Applications 249 8.10 Conclusions 252 Acknowledgement 253 References 253 Part II: Nanocomposites Based on Inorganic Nanoparticles 9 Nanocomposites Based on Inorganic Nanoparticles 259 M. Balasubramanian, and P.
Jawahar 9.1 Introduction 260 9.2 Processing of Clay-Polymer Nanocomposites (CPN) 273 9.3 Particulate-Polymer Nanocomposites Processing 283 9.4 Characterization of Polymer Nanocomposites 292 9.5 Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites 301 9.6 Application of Nanocomposites 336 References 342xii Contents 10 Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials: Nanodiamonds, Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene 347 F. Navarro-Pardo, A.
L. MartÃnez-Hernández and C. Velasco-Santos 10.1 Introduction 348 10.2 Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials 349 10.3 Functionalization 351 10.4 Methods of Nanocomposite Preparation 358 10.5 Properties 360 10.
6 Concluding Remarks 386 References 386 Part III: Green Nanocomposites 11 Green Nanocomposites from Renewable Resource-Based Biodegradable Polymers and Environmentally Friendly Blends 403 P. J. Jandas, S. Mohanty and S. K. Nayak 11.1 Introduction 404 11.2 Organically Modified Layered Silicates Reinforced Biodegradable Nanocomposites: New Era of Polymer Composites 407 11.
3 Environmentally Friendly Polymer Blends from Renewable Resources 425 11.4 Applications and Prototype Development 436 11.5 Future Perspectives 436 11.6 Conclusion 437 References 438 Part IV: Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites 12 Nanocomposites for Device Applications 445 Sreevalsa VG 12.1 Introduction 446 12.2 Nonvolatile Memory Devices 447 12.3 Fabrication of Nonvolatile Memory Devices Utilizing Graphene Materials Embedded in a Polymer Matrix 451 12.4 Electric-Field-Induced Resistive Switching 452 12.
5 Nanocomposite Solar Cells 455 12.6 Thin-Film Capacitors for Computer Chips 457 12.7 Solid Polymer Electrolyes for Batteries 457 12.8 Automotive Engine Parts and Fuel Tanks 458 12.9 Oxygen and Gas Barriers 459 12.10 Printing Technologies 459 12.11 Capacitors 461 12.12 Inductors 461 12.
13 Optical Waveguides 462 12.14 Low-K and Low-Loss Composites 463 12.15 ZnO-Based Nanocomposites 463xiv Contents 12.16 Functional Polymer Nanocomposites 464 12.17 Plasmonics 464 12.18 Polymer Nanocomposites 465 12.19 Magnetically Active Nanocomposites 475 12.20 Nanocomposites of Nature 479 References 479 13 Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Applications 483 Sutapa Ghosh and Naresh Chilaka 13.
1 Introduction 483 13.2 Energy Storage Mechanism in Supercapacitor and Batteries 485 13.3 Synthesis of Conducting Polymers 488 13.4 Characterization of Nanocomposites: Structure, Electrical, Chemical Composition and Surface Area 491 13.5 Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Application 494 13.6 Future of Graphene and Conducting Polymer Nancomposites 499 13.7 Conclusions and Future Research Initiatives 500 References 501 14 Polymer Nanocomposites for Structural Applications 505 M. Mollo and C.
Bernal 14.1 Introduction 506 14.2 Nanocomposite Fibers 510 14.3 Nano-Enhanced Conventional Composites 512 14.4 Nano-Enhanced All-Polymer Composites 513 14.5 Single Polymer Nanocomposites 514 14.6 Summary, Conclusions and Future Trends 515Contents xv References 517 15 Nanocomposites in Food Packaging 519 Mahuya Das 15.1 Introduction 519 15.
2 Nanoreinforcements in Food Packaging Materials 523 15.3 Polymer Matrix for Nanocomposite 538 15.4 Recent Trends in Packaging Developed by Application of Nanocomposites 541 15.5 Application of Nanocomposites as Nanosensor for Smart/Intelligent Packaging 551 15.6 Conclusion 556 References 557 Index 573.