*New to the 5th Edition Resources for Reading and Writing about Literature Preface for Instructors Introduction: Reading Imaginative Literature The Nature of Literature *Danusha Laméris, "Feeding the Worms" The Value of Literature The Changing Literary Canon *Approaching Sensitive Subjects FICTION The Elements of Fiction 1. Reading Fiction Reading Fiction Responsively Kate Chopin, "The Story of an Hour" A SAMPLE CLOSE READING: An Annotated Section of "The Story of an Hour" A SAMPLE PAPER: Differences in Responses to Kate Chopin''s "The Story of an Hour" Explorations and Formulas Ann Beattie, "Janus" 2. Plot T.C. Boyle, "The Hit Man" *Joy Harjo, "The Reckoning" William Faulkner, "A Rose for Emily" A SAMPLE CLOSE READING: An Annotated Section of "A Rose for Emily" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Conflict in the Plot of William Faulkner''s "A Rose for Emily" 3. Character Tobias Wolff, "Powder" *Zadie Smith, "Martha, Martha" James Baldwin, "Sonny''s Blues" 4. Setting Ernest Hemingway, "Soldier''s Home" Ursula K. LeGuin, "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Yellow Wallpaper" 5.

Point of View *Third-Person Narrator (Nonparticipant) *First-Person Narrator (Participant) John Updike, "A & P" Manuel Muñoz, "Zigzagger" *Lorrie Moore, "How to Become a Writer" 6. Symbolism Louise Erdrich, "The Red Convertible" Zora Neale Hurston, Sweat Cynthia Ozick, "The Shawl" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Layers of Symbol in Cynthia Ozick''s "The Shawl" 7. Theme *Adrian Tomine, "Intruders" (graphic short story) *A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Danger among Us: Distilling the Theme in "Intruders" Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery" *Carmen Maria Machado, "Eight Bites" 8. Style, Tone, and Irony Style Tone Irony George Saunders, "I Can Speak (tm)" Flannery O''Connor, "A Good Man is Hard to Find" Mark Twain, "The Story of the Good Little Boy" 9. A Collection of Stories John Cheever, "The Enormous Radio" Judith Ortiz Cofer, "Volar" Edwidge Danticat, "The Missing Peace" *N. K. Jemisin, "Sinners, Saints, Dragons, and Haints, in the City Beneath the Still Waters" James Joyce, "Eveline" Jamaica Kincaid, "Girl" *Alice Munro, "Silence" Joyce Carol Oates, "Tick" Edgar Allen Poe, "The Cask of Amontillado" Kurt Vonnegut, "Happy Birthday, 1951" POETRY The Elements of Poetry 10. Reading Poetry Reading Poetry Responsively Lisa Parker, "Snapping Beans" *Linda Pastan, "Jump Cabling" John Updike, "Dog''s Death" The Pleasure of Words Gregory Corso, "I am 25" A SAMPLE CLOSE READING: An Explication of "I am 25" Robert Francis, "Catch" A SAMPLE STUDENT ANALYSIS: Tossing Metaphors in Robert Francis''s "Catch" *Jane Hirschfield, "This Morning, I Wanted Four Legs" Robert Morgan, "Mountain Graveyard" E.

E. Cummings, "l(a" Anonymous, "Western Wind" Regina Barreca, "Nighttime Fires" SUGGESTIONS FOR APPROACHING POETRY Poetic Definitions of Poetry Marianne Moore, "Poetry" Billy Collins, "Introduction to Poetry" Ruth Forman, "Poetry Should Ride the Bus" Charles Bukowski, "A poem is a city" *Ada Limón, "The End of Poetry" Recurrent Poetic Figures: Five Ways of Looking at Roses Robert Burns, "A Red, Red Rose" Edmund Waller, "Go, Lovely Rose" William Blake, "The Sick Rose" Dorothy Parker, "One Perfect Rose" H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), "Sea Rose" Poems for Further Study Mary Oliver, "The Poet with His Face in His Hands" Alberto Ríos, "Seniors" Robert Frost, "Design" Edgar Allan Poe, "Sonnet - To Science" Cornelius Eady, "The Supremes" 11. Word Choice, Word Order, and Tone Word choice Diction Denotations and Connotations Randall Jarrell, "The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner" Allusion Word Order Tone Marilyn Nelson, "How I Discovered Poetry" Katharyn Howd Machan, "Hazel Tells LaVerne" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Tone in Katharyn Howd Machan''s "Hazel Tells LaVerne" Martín Espada, "Latin Night at the Pawnshop" *Joy Harjo, "Granddaughters" Diction and Tone in Four Love Poems *Shamim Azad, "First Love" *Elizabeth Barrett Browning, "Sonnet XLIII" *John Frederick Nims, "Love Poem" *Pablo Neruda, "Drunk as drunk on turpentine" Poems for Further Study Walt Whitman, "The Dalliance of the Eagles" Kwame Dawes, "History Lesson at Eight a.m." Robert Frost, "The Road Not Taken" Alice Jones, "The Lungs" Louis Simpson, "In the Suburbs" 12. Images Poetry''s Appeal to the Senses William Carlos Williams, "Poem" Walt Whitman, "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" Matthew Arnold, "Dover Beach" Poems for Further Study Adelaide Crapsey, "November Night" Ruth Fainlight, "Crocuses" William Blake, "London" Kwame Dawes, "The Habits of Love" *Charles Simic, "House of Cards" Sally Croft, "Home-Baked Bread" 13.

Figures of Speech William Shakespeare, from Macbeth Simile and Metaphor Langston Hughes, "Harlem" Jane Kenyon, "The Socks" Anne Bradstreet, "The Author to Her Book" Other Figures Edmund Conti, "Pragmatist" Dylan Thomas, "The Hand that Signed the Paper" Janice Townley Moore, "To a Wasp" Poems for Further Study William Carlos Williams, "To Waken an Old Lady" Ernest Slyman, "Lightning Bugs" Martín Espada, "The Mexican Cabdriver''s Poem for His Wife, Who Has Left Him" Judy Page Heitzman, "The Schoolroom on the Second Floor of the Knitting Mill" Robert Pinsky, "Icicles" Kay Ryan, "Learning" 14. Symbol, Allegory, and Irony Symbol Robert Frost, "Acquainted with the Night" Allegory James Baldwin, "Guilt, Desire and Love" Irony Edwin Arlington Robinson, "Richard Cory" *Gwendolyn Brooks, "Sadie and Maud" E. E. Cummings, "next to of course god america i" Stephen Crane, "A Man Said to the Universe" Poems for Further Study Christina Rossetti, "Goblin Market" Jane Kenyon, "The Thimble" Kevin Pierce, "Proof of Origin" Carl Sandburg, "A Fence" Julio Marzán, "Ethnic Poetry" Mark Halliday, "Graded Paper" Robert Browning, "My Last Duchess" William Blake, "A Poison Tree" 15. Sounds Listening to Poetry *Kamau Brathwaite, "Ogun" John Updike, "Player Piano" Emily Dickinson, "A Bird came down the Walk -" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: Sound in Emily Dickinson''s "A Bird came down the Walk--" Rhyme Richard Armour, "Going to Extremes" Robert Southey, from "The Cataract of Lodore" Sound and Meaning Gerard Manley Hopkins, "God''s Grandeur" Poems for Further Study Lewis Carroll, "Jabberwocky" William Heyen, "The Trains" Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "Break, Break, Break" Kay Ryan, "Dew" Andrew Hudgins, "The Ice-Cream Truck" Robert Francis, "The Pitcher" Helen Chasin, "The Word Plum" Major Jackson, "Autumn Landscape" 16. Patterns of Rhythm Some Principles of Meter Walt Whitman, from "Song of the Open Road" William Wordsworth, "My Heart Leaps Up" SUGGESTIONS FOR SCANNING A POEM Timothy Steele, "Waiting for the Storm" A SAMPLE STUDENT RESPONSE: The Rhythm of Anticipation in Timothy Steele''s "Waiting for the Storm" William Butler Yeats, "That the Night Come" Poems for Further Study John Maloney, "Good!" Alice Jones, "The Foot" Robert Herrick, "Delight in Disorder" E. E. Cummings, "O sweet spontaneous" William Blake, "The Lamb" William Blake, "The Tyger" Robert Frost, "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" 17.

Poetic Forms Some Common Poetic Forms A.E. Housman, "Loveliest of trees, the cherry now" Robert Herrick, "Upon Julia''s Clothes" Sonnet John Keats, "On First Looking into Chapman''s Homer" William Shakespeare, "Shall I compare thee to a summer''s day?" Countee Cullen, "Yet Do I Marvel" Mark Jarman, "Unholy Sonnet" R.S. Gwynn, "Shakespearean Sonnet" Villanelle Dylan Thomas, "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night" *Denise Duhamel, "Please Don''t Sit Like a Frog, Sit Like a Queen" Sestina Florence Cassen Mayers, "All-American Sestina" Julia Alvarez, "Bilingual Sestina" Epigram Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "What Is an Epigram?" David McCord, "Epitaph on a Waiter" Paul Laurence Dunbar, "Theology" Limerick Arthur Henry Reginald Buller, "There was a young Lady named Bright" Laurence Perrine, "The limerick''s never averse" Haiku Matsuo Basho, "Under cherry trees" Carolyn Kizer, "After Basho" Amy Lowell, Last night it rained Gary Snyder, "A Dent in a Bucket" Ghazal Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, "Ghazal 4" Patricia Smith, "Hip-Hop Ghazal" Elegy Ben Jonson, "On My First Son" Kate Hanson Foster, "Elegy of Color" Ode Alexander Pope, "Ode on Solitude" John Keats, "Ode on a Grecian Urn" Parody Gwendolyn Brooks, "We Real Cool" Joan Murray, "We Old Dudes" Picture Poem Michael McFee, "In Medias Res" Open Form Walt Whitm.