A comprehensive reader in population studies, this multidisciplinary collection of essays covers basic issues and current controversies in the field from a variety of theoretical perspectives. The distinguished contributors discuss the economics of fertility, social causes of mobility, illegal immigration and refugee migration, Third World urbanization, Malthusian, Marxian, and demographic transition theory, the census undercount, and population policy around the world, while also examining new or hitherto neglected issues such as the extermination of native populations by colonial powers, husband-wife differences in determining family size, increased infant mortality in the Soviet Union, infertility, and the recent change in U.S. foreign policy from antinatalism to pronatalism. Specifically designed as a sourcebook for students at all levels, the book includes chapter guides, an annotated table of contents, and suggestions for further reading that make it an invaluable classroom aid.