Introduction xxi Assessment Test li Chapter 1 Server Hardware 1 Server Form Factors 3 Rack Mount 3 Tower 6 Blade Technology 7 Installing and Configuring Server Components 11 CPU 11 RAM 16 Bus Types, Bus Channels, and Expansion Slots 19 NICs 21 Hard Drives 22 Riser Cards 25 RAID Controllers 26 BIOS/UEFI 26 Firmware 28 USB Interface/Ports 28 Hot-Swappable Component 29 Maintaining Power and Cooling Requirements 29 Power 29 Cooling 34 Summary 37 Exam Essentials 37 Review Questions 39 Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring Servers 43 Installing and Configuring Server Operating Systems 45 Determining the Server Role/Purpose 45 Updating Firmware 46 BIOS/UEFI Configuration 46 Disk Preparation 49 Configuring Hostnames 54 Local Account Setup 55 Connecting to the Network 56 Joining a Domain/Directory 56 Addressing Security Concerns 57 Enabling Services 58 Installing Features, Roles, Applications, and Drivers 60 Performance Baseline 60 Unattended/Remote Installations 63 Using Access and Control Methods to Administer a Server 66 Local Hardware Administration 66 Network-Based Hardware Administration 69 Network-Based Operating System Administration 71 Purpose and Operation of Virtualization Components 73 Hosts and Guests 73 Management Interface for Virtual Machines 74 Hypervisor 74 Hardware Compatibility List 77 Resource Allocation Between Guest and Host 78 Summary 85 Exam Essentials 85 Review Questions 87 Chapter 3 Server Maintenance 91 Server Roles and Requirements 93 Web Server 93 Application Server 94 Directory Services Server 95 Database Server 96 File Servers 96 Print Server 97 Messaging Server 98 Mail Server 98 Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Server 98 Network Services Server 99 Proper Server Maintenance Techniques 100 Change Management 101 Patch Management 101 Outages and Service-Level Agreements 104 Performance Monitoring 105 Hardware Maintenance 108 Fault Tolerance and High Availability Techniques 120 Asset Management and Documentation 123 Asset Management 123 Documentation 125 Secure Storage of Sensitive Documentation 129 Summary 130 Exam Essentials 130 Review Questions 131 Chapter 4 Storage Technologies 135 Hardware and Features of Various Storage Technologies 136 Direct Attached Storage (DAS) 136 Network-Attached Storage (NAS) 136 Storage Area Networks (SANs) 137 Using iSCSI and FCoE 140 JBOD 142 Tape 142 Optical Drive 144 Flash, Compact Flash, and USB Drive 144 Installing and Deploying Primary Storage Devices 144 Disk Specifications 144 Interfaces 146 Hard Drive vs. SSD 150 Summary 152 Exam Essentials 152 Review Questions 153 Chapter 5 Identifying Capacity and Fault Tolerance Requirements 157 Calculating Appropriate Storage Capacity and Planning for Future Growth 158 Base 10 vs. Base 2 Disk Size Calculation 158 Disk Quotas 159 Compression 160 Capacity Planning Considerations 160 Configuring RAID 164 RAID Levels and Performance Considerations 165 Software vs. Hardware RAID 167 Configuration Specifications 169 Hot-Swap Support and Ramifications 171 Hot Spare vs. Cold Spare 171 Array Controller 171 Summary 173 Exam Essentials 173 Review Questions 174 Chapter 6 Securing the Server 179 Physical Security Methods and Concepts 180 Multifactor Authentication 180 Security Concepts 181 Server Hardening Techniques 187 OS Hardening 187 Endpoint Security 189 Remediating Security Issues Based on a Vulnerability Scan 190 Hardware Hardening 192 Proper Environmental Controls and Techniques 196 Power Concepts and Best Practices 197 Safety 206 Summary 215 Exam Essentials 215 Review Questions 216 Chapter 7 Securing Server Data and Network Access 221 Basic Network Security Systems and Protocols 222 Firewall 222 Network Access Control 226 Router Access List 228 NIDS 229 Authentication Protocols 229 PKI 230 VPN 232 IPsec 232 VLAN 233 Security Zones 234 Logical Access Control Methods 235 Access Control Lists 235 Permissions 240 Data Security Methods and Secure Storage Disposal Techniques 243 Storage Encryption 243 Storage Media 245 Summary 247 Exam Essentials 247 Review Questions 248 Chapter 8 Networking 253 Configuring Servers to Use IP Addressing and Network Infrastructure Services 255 IPv4 vs. IPv6 255 Default Gateway 256 CIDR Notation and Subnetting 256 Public and Private IP Addressing 257 Static IP Assignment vs. DHCP 258 DNS 259 NetBIOS 265 WINS 265 NAT/PAT 267 MAC Addresses 267 Network Interface Card Configuration 269 Ports and Protocols 275 TCP vs. UDP 275 SNMP 161 276 SMTP 25 276 FTP 20/21 276 SFTP 22 276 SSH 22 276 SCP 22 276 NTP 123 277 HTTP 80 277 HTTPS 443 277 Telnet 23 277 IMAP 143 277 POP3 110 277 RDP 3389 277 FTPS 989/990 278 LDAP 389/3268 278 DNS 53 278 DHCP 68 278 Cable Management Procedures 278 Copper 278 Fiber 281 Connectors 282 Cable Placement and Routing 285 Summary 288 Exam Essentials 289 Review Questions 290 Chapter 9 Disaster Recovery 293 Disaster Recovery Principles 294 Site Types 294 Replication Methods 295 Continuity of Operations 297 Backup 298 Methodology 299 Backup Media 304 Media and Restore Best Practices 305 Media Storage Location 307 Summary 309 Exam Essentials 309 Review Questions 310 Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues 315 Troubleshooting Theory and Methodologies 317 Identifying the Problem and Determining the Scope 317 Establish a Theory of Probable Cause (Question the Obvious) 319 Test the Theory to Determine Cause 320 Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Notify Impacted Users 320 Implement the Solution or Escalate as Appropriate 320 Verify Full System Functionality and If Applicable Implement Preventative Measures 321 Perform a Root Cause Analysis 321 Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes Throughout the Process 321 Troubleshooting Hardware Problems 322 Common Problems 322 Causes of Common Problems 328 Environmental Issues 331 Hardware Tools 333 Troubleshooting Software Problems 334 Common Problems 334 Cause of Common Problems 343 Software Tools 348 Summary 360 Exam Essentials 360 Review Questions 361 Chapter 11 Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues 365 Diagnosing Network Problems 366 Common Problems 366 Causes of Common Problems 378 Networking Tools 384 Diagnosing Security Issues 391 Common Problems 391 Causes of Common Problems 393 Security Tools 399 Summary 404 Exam Essentials 405 Review Questions 406 Chapter 12 Troubleshooting Storage Issues 411 Troubleshooting Storage Problems 412 Common Problems 412 Causes of Common Problems 418 Storage Tools 426 Summary 438 Exam Essentials 439 Review Questions 440 Appendix Answers to Review Questions 443 Chapter 1: Server Hardware 444 Chapter 2: Installing and Configuring Servers 445 Chapter 3: Server Maintenance 447 Chapter 4: Storage Technologies 448 Chapter 5: Identifying Capacity and Fault Tolerance Requirements 450 Chapter 6: Securing the Server 451 Chapter 7: Securing Server Data and Network Access 453 Chapter 8: Networking 455 Chapter 9: Disaster Recovery 456 Chapter 10: Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues 458 Chapter 11: Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues 460 Chapter 12: Troubleshooting Storage Issues 461 Index 463.