This publication, the first in a new UNESCO series which explores the promotion of best practice in museums in relation to cultural diversity issues, focuses on the importance of intercultural dialogue to ensure collections represent social and political changes in a culturally sensitive and inclusive manner. It draws on a number of case studies from Cape Town and Sydney to consider examples of how museums and galleries have dealt with issues of diversity and change in their contemporary practice, including in relation to site and collections management, display design, use of technology, staffing and training issues.