Contents Dedication Preface Foreward: Climate Change and the Pandemic Acknoledgements The Editors The Contributors Commentary on COVID-19, Climate Change, and Human Health.xxi Jay Lemery, Kim Knowlton, Cecilia Sorensen, and Hanna Lindstadt Chapter 1 Primer on Climate Science.1 Christopher K. Uejio, James D. Tamerius, Yoonjung Ahn, and Elaina Gonsoroski Scientific Consensus Weather, Climate Variability, Climate Change and Scientific Theory Energy Balance Evidence of a Changing Climate Projected Future Climate Changes Acknowledgement References Chapter 2 Climate Related Disasters: The Role of Prevention for Managing Health Risk.25 Mark E Keim Introduction Global Trends Public Health Impact of Climate-Related Disasters, in General Public Health Impact of Climate-Related Disasters, According to Hazard Managing the Health Risk of Climate-Related Disasters Summary References Chapter 3 Health Impacts of Extreme Heat.47 Xiangmei (May) Wu and Rupa Basu Introduction Heat-Triggered Health Effects Factors Influencing Health Effects of Heat Exposure Adaptation, Mitigation, and Resilience Summary References Chapter 4 Climate Change Impacts on the Hydrologic Cycle and Waterborne Diseases.67 Jan C.

Semenza Changes in Hydrology Caused by Climate Change Waterborne Pathogens Sensitive to Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Summary Acknowledgment Online Resources References Chapter 5 Degraded Air Quality.93 Kim Knowlton an Vijay S. Limaye Climate Change and Air Quality Air Pollutants Affected by Climate Change Wildfires Drought Coccidiomycosis and Respiratory Health Mold and Fungi Air Pollution- Vulnerable Populations Future Projections of Climate Change Effects on Air Pollution Mitigation: Health Benefits of Reducing Carbon Pollution and Assoicated Co-Pollutant Air Pollution Adaptation: Climate Health Preparedness and Reducing Air Pollution Vulnerability Conclusion Online Resources References Chapter 6 Potential Risks from Cyanobacterial and Algal Blooms.115 J.S Metcalf and N.R. Souza Introduction Toxic Producing Groups of Algae Effects of Cyanobacterial and Algal Toxins How Will Climate Change Affect Algal and Cyanobacterial Blooms and Toxins? Long-Term Solutions and Remediation Emerging Questions and Conclusions References Chapter 7 Climate Change, Carbon Dioxide, and Public Health: The Plant Biology Perspective.131 Lewis H.

Ziska and Kristie L. Ebi Introduction Direct Consequences Indirect Consequences Conclusion References Chapter 8 Climate and Its Impact on Vector-Borne Diseases.151 Andrea G. Buchwald, Jada F. Garofalo, Kenneth L. Gage, Charles B. Beard, and Rosemary Rochford Arboviruses Malaria Lyme Disease in the United States Summary and Conclusions References Chapter 9 Food Systems Transformation: Toward Sustainable and Healthy Diets for All.171 Cristina Tirado Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Food Security and Malnutrition Vulnerability to Climate Impacts on Food Insecurity and Malnutrition Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases and Emerging Risks Integrated Multisectoral Adapation for Malnutrition Sustainable and Healthy Food Systems and Dietary Patterns Conclusions References Chapter 10 Climate Change and Population Mental Health.

187 Salma M. Abdalla, Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed, and Sandro Galea Overview Climate Change Effect on Mental Health: Mechanisms High Ambient Temperature and Heatwaves Natural Disasters Forced Migration Economics, Geopolitics, and Violent Conflict Phsyical Health A Disproportionate Burden Common Causes of Climate Change and Mental Health Conclusion References Chapter 11 Worker Health.203 Miranda Dally and Lee S. Newman Introduction Hazards Migrant Workers and Climate Change Adaptation and Response Worker, Family, and Societal Burden Conclusions References Chapter 12 Women''s Health and Climate Change: The Impact of Gender.223 Tracy A. Cushing and Cecilia J. Sorensen Introduction Direct Health Impacts of Climate Change on Women Temperature Air Quality Climate-Related Disasters and Forced Migration Food Insecurity Water Scarcity Infectious Diseases and Vector-Borne Illness The Role of Women and Gener in Climate Change Policy and Planning Summary References Chapter 13 Climate Modeling for Health Impacts.

235 Kristopher B. Karnauskas Greenhouse Gases and Radiative Forcing What Is a Global Climate Model? Global Climate Models and Global Change Science Summary and Closing Remarks References Chapter 14 Climate and Health Vulnerability Assessments: New Approaches and Tools for Adaptation Planning.249 Peter Berry, Kristie L. Ebi, Rebekka Schnitter, Louise Aubin, and Sherilee Harper Introduction The Role of Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments in Preparing for Climate Change Impacts on Health Methods for Undertaking a Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment The Path Forward: Lessons Learned and Opportunities for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments The Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Climate Change and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments Summary References Chapter 15 Climate Change Health Impact Projections: Looking into the Future.267 Nikhil A. Ranadive and Jeremy J. Hess A Conceptual Overview of Climate Change Health Impact Projection Modeling The Role of GCM Projections The Role of Scenarios Characterizations of Projected Exposures Choosing and Quantifying Exposure-Outcome Associations Projecting Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Events Comparisons and the Counterfactual Merging Data Streams in the Climate Change Health Impact Model Climate Change Health Impact Projections in the Health Literature Characterization of Risk Frontiers in Climate Change Health Impact Projection Summary References Chapter 16 Protecting Environmental Justice Communities from the Detrimental Impacts of Climate Change.289 Cecilia Martinez and Nicky Sheats Introduction Climate Resiliency and Environmental Justice Cumulative Impacts, Environmental Justice and Climate Change Air Quality, Environmental Justice and Climate Change Heat Waves, Environmental Justice and Climate Change Extreme Weather Events and Environmental Justice Indigenous Rights and Climate Change Next Steps Summary References and Further Reading Chapter 17 Climate Change Communication.

307 Adam Corner, Chris Shaw, Stuart Capstick, and Nick Pidgeon Introduction Public Understanding of Climate Change and Principle of Climate Change Communication Communicating the Impacts of Climate Change Communicating Climate Change through a Focus on Piublic Health Summary References and Further Reading Chapter 18 International Perspective on Climate Change Adaptation Kristie L. Ebi Introduction Historical Perspective International Framework for Adaptation Assessing Adaptation Needs and Options NAPAs and NAPs Adaptation Option Summary References Chapter 19 Health Co-Benefits of Climate Mitigation Strategies.343 Elizabeth J. Carlton, Amber S. Khan, and Justin V. Remais Introduction Climate Mitigation Estimating the Health Co-Benefits of Climate Mitigation Climate Mitigation Health Co-Benefits by Sector Challenges and Considerations Summary References Chapter 20 International Institutions and Global.