This research and reference text provides an introduction to battery fundamentals, exploring some of the state-of-the-art characterisation methods currently employed by the energy storage community. Covering the essential electrochemistry, impedance spectroscopy, solid state chemistry, electrochemical engineering, materials sciences and in-situ characterization methods for batteries, the text acquaints non-battery researchers with the field, and provides a comprehensive reference for specialists in sub-fields of battery research. With a focus on Li-ion batteries, contextualised against a discussion of newer, disruptive technologies such as Li-air and Mg-ion batteries, the text is ideal for researchers and students interested in the materials and characterization methods for batteries, including those without a background in electro- or solid-state chemistry. Key Features: Provides a comprehensive introduction to battery research, including fundamental materials principles and characterisation methods Suitable for non-specialists without a background in electro- or solid-state chemistry, as well as those that specialise in a sub-field of batteries research Covers established topics as well as cutting-edge research.