Chapter 1 - Supporting smallholders in improving wheat cultivation: Tinashe Chiurugwi, Simon Kerr, Ian Midgley, and Lesley Boyd, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), UK; Johnson Kamwaga, Food Crops Research Centre - Njoro, Kenya; Peter Njau, Highlands Agri-consult Services Ltd, Kenya; Terry Van Gevelt, University of Cambridge, UK; Claudia Canales and Max Marcheselli, The Malaysian Centre for Commonwealth Studies (MCSC) and the Cambridge Malaysian Education and Development Trust (CMEDT), UK ; 1 Introduction: smallholder wheat cultivation 2 Limitations to smallholder wheat cultivation 3 How research addresses limitations to smallholder wheat cultivation 4 Case study: Agri-transfer 5 Future trends 6 Where to look for further information 7 References Chapter 2 - Constraints in adopting improved technologies for maize cultivation: the case of Africa: T. Abdoulaye, The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria; A. S. Bamire and A. A. Akinola, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria; and A. Alene, A. Menkir and V.

Manyong, The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria ; 1 Introduction 2 Understanding farmers' decisions on improved technology adoption: the adoption theory 3 Adoption of improved maize technologies 4 Constraining factors in the adoption of improved maize technologies: economic and institutional factors 5 Constraining factors in the adoption of improved maize technologies: the importance of farmers' characteristics and perspectives 6 Strategies for improving the adoption of improved maize technologies 7 Conclusion 8 Where to look for further information 9 References Chapter 3 - Good agricultural practices for maize cultivation: the case of West Africa: Alpha Kamara, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria ; 1 Introduction 2 Poor soil fertility and effects of drought on maize in West Africa 3 Weed competition with maize 4 Maize nutrient management 5 Weed management for maize cultivation 6 Management of soil moisture stress in maize 7 Future trends and conclusion 8 Where to look for further information 9 References Chapter 4 - Sorghum tolerance to low-phosphorus soil conditions: Willmar L. Leiser, University of Hohenheim, Germany; H. Frederick Weltzien-Rattunde and Eva Weltzien-Rattunde, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; and Bettina I.G. Haussmann, University of Hohenheim, Germany ; 1 Introduction 2 Phosphorus: a worldwide future challenge 3 Breeding sorghum for low-P soil conditions 4 Plant adaptation to low-P conditions 5 Summary: implications for applied sorghum breeding in West Africa 6 Future trends and challenges in bringing benefits of sorghum low-P tolerance to West African farmers 7 Where to look for further information 8 References.