SECTION I Essential Renal Anatomy and Physiology 1 Renal Anatomy 2 Renal Physiology SECTION II Investigation of Renal Disease 3 Assessment of Glomerular Filtration Rate 4 Urinalysis 5 Point of Care Ultrasound in Nephrology 6 Radiologic and Nuclear Imaging in Nephrology 7 Kidney Biopsy SECTION III Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders 8 Disorders of Extracellular Volume 9 Disorders of Water Metabolism 10 Disorders of Potassium Metabolism 11 Disorders of Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Metabolism 12 Normal Acid-Base Balance 13 Metabolic Acidosis 14 Metabolic Alkalosis 15 Respiratory Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, and Mixed Acid-Base Disorders SECTION IV Glomerular Disease 16 Introduction to Glomerular Disease: Clinical Presentations 17 Introduction to Glomerular Disease: Histologic Classification and Pathogenesis 18 Minimal Change Disease 19 Primary and Secondary (Nongenetic) Causes of Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis 20 Inherited Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome 21 Membranous Nephropathy 22 Immunoglobulin-Mediated Glomerulonephritis With a Membranoproliferative Pattern of Injury and Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis 23 Glomerulonephritis Associated With Complement Disorders 24 Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) 25 Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease and Goodpasture Disease 26 Renal and Systemic Vasculitis 27 Lupus Nephritis 28 Monoclonal Immunoglobulin-Related Glomerular Diseases and Renal Amyloidosis 29 Rare Glomerular Disorders 30 Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Including Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome SECTION V Diabetic Kidney Disease 31 Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Natural History of Diabetic Kidney Disease 32 Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease 33 Management of Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease SECTION VI Hypertension 34 Normal Blood Pressure Control and the Evaluation of Hypertension 35 Primary Hypertension 36 Nonpharmacologic Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension 37 Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertension 38 Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertensive Urgencies and Emergencies 39 Endocrine Causes of Hypertension: Aldosterone 40 Other Endocrine Causes of Hypertension 41 Neurogenic Hypertension, Including Hypertension Associated With Stroke or Spinal Cord Injury 42 Blood Pressure Management in the Dialysis Patient SECTION VII Renovascular Disease 43 Renovascular Hypertension, Atherosclerotic Renal Vascular Disease, and Thromboembolic Kidney Disease SECTION VIII Pregnancy and Renal Disease 44 Kidney Physiology and Complications in Normal Pregnancy 45 Pregnancy With Preexisting Kidney Disease SECTION IX Hereditary and Congenital Diseases of the Kidney 46 Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease 47 Other Cystic Kidney Diseases 48 Alport Syndrome and Other Familial Glomerular Syndromes 49 Inherited Disorders of Sodium and Water Handling 50 Fanconi Syndrome and Other Proximal Tubule Disorders 51 Sickle Cell Diseases and the Kidney 52 Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract SECTION X Infectious Diseases and the Kidney 53 Urinary Tract Infections in Adults 54 Tuberculosis of the Urinary Tract 55 Fungal Infections of the Urinary Tract 56 The Kidney in Schistosomiasis 57 Glomerular Diseases Associated With Infection 58 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Kidney 59 Kidney Diseases Associated With Coronaviruses SECTION XI Urologic Disorders 60 Nephrolithiasis and Nephrocalcinosis 61 Urinary Tract Obstruction 62 Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy 63 Urologic Issues for the Nephrologist SECTION XII Tubulointerstitial and Vascular Diseases 64 Acute Interstitial Nephritis 65 Chronic Interstitial Nephritis 66 Endemic Nephropathies SECTION XIII Renal Disease and Cancer 67 Oncology: Kidney Disease in Cancer Patients 68 Myeloma and the Kidney 69 Kidney Disease in Liver, Cardiac, Lung, and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation SECTION XIV Acute Kidney Injury 70 Pathophysiology and Etiology of Acute Kidney Injury 71 Acute Kidney Injury in the Tropics 72 Diagnosis and Clinical Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury 73 Epidemiology and Prognostic Impact of Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Kidney Disease 74 Prevention and Nondialytic Management of Acute Kidney Injury 75 Extracorporeal Therapies for Acute Kidney Injury and Heart Failure 76 Hepatorenal Syndrome SECTION XV Drug Therapy in Kidney Disease 77 Principles of Drug Therapy, Dosing, and Prescribing in Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Replacement Therapy 78 Common Issues in Prescribing in Kidney Disease and Kidney Replacement Therapy 79 Herbal and Over-the-Counter Medicines and the Kidney SECTION XVI Chronic Kidney Disease and Uremic Syndrome 80 Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis 81 Pathophysiology of Disease Progression in Proteinuric and Nonproteinuric Kidney Disease 82 Slowing the Progression of Kidney Disease 83 Clinical Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease 84 Pathogenesis and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease 85 Practical Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease 86 Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease 87 Other Blood and Immune Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease 88 Bone and Mineral Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease 89 Neurologic Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease 90 Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease 91 Dermatologic Manifestations of Chronic Kidney Disease 92 Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease and Malignant Neoplasms SECTION XVII Geriatric and Palliative Nephrology 93 Geriatric Nephrology 94 Palliative Nephrology SECTION XVIII Dialytic Therapies 95 Approach to Kidney Replacement Therapy 96 Vascular Access for Hemodialysis 97 Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology 98 Hemodialysis 99 Hemodialysis 100 Acute Complications During Hemodialysis 101 Peritoneal Dialysis: Principles, Techniques, and Adequacy 102 Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis 103 Extracorporeal Therapies for Drug Overdose and Poisoning 104 Plasma Exchange SECTION XIX Transplantation 105 Immunologic Principles in Kidney Transplantation 106 Immunosuppressive Medications in Kidney Transplantation 107 Evaluation and Preoperative Management of Kidney Transplant Recipient and Donor 108 Kidney Transplantation Surgery 109 Prophylaxis and Treatment of Kidney Transplant Rejection 110 Infections and Malignancies in the Kidney Transplant Recipient 111 Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Abnormalities in the Kidney Transplant Recipient 112 Chronic Allograft Injury 113 Recurrent Disease in Kidney Transplantation 114 Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation: Identification, Measures, and Evaluation Index.