After 1948 many opponents of apartheid were forced out of South Africa. This account draws upon interviews with many of those involved to examine how those activists who came to the United Kingdom developed political organizations, social networks, ideologies and identities that supported their time in exile. It examines the Anti-Apartheid Movement and the African National Congress in exile and documents the violent attempts by the South African government to control exile activity. Finally, it investigates how exiles came to terms with the possibility that they might return.