Boxes and Figures Notes on Contributors Preface Part I "Introducing" Qualitative Research in Human Geography 1. Qualitative Research and Its Place in Human Geography, Hilary P.M. Winchester and Matthew W. Rofe Chapter Overview Introduction What is Qualitative Research? - What Questions Does Qualitative Research Answer? - Types of Qualitative Research - The Contribution of Qualitative Techniques to Explanation in Geography The Relationship Between Qualitative and Quantitative Geography The History of Qualitative Research in Geography Contemporary Qualitative Geography - Theory/Method Links Summary Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercise Useful Resources 2. Power, Subjectivity, and Ethics in Qualitative Research, Robyn Dowling Chapter Overview Introduction: On the Social Relations of Research Research Ethics and Institutional Review of Research Ethics - Privacy and Confidentiality - Informed Consent - Harm Ethics and Online Research Criticisms of, and Moving Beyond, Ethical Guidelines Critical Reflexivity Power Relations in Qualitative Research Objectivity, Subjectivity, and Intersubjectivity in Qualitative Data Collection Summary and Prompts for Critical Reflexivity Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources Note 3. Cross-Cultural Research: Ethics, Methods, and Relationships, Richie Howitt and Stan Stevens Chapter Overview: An Explanation of Our Writing Method Modes of Cross-Cultural Engagement: Colonial, Post-colonial, Decolonizing, and Inclusionary Research Getting Started: Research Legitimacy and Local Authorization Doing the Work - The Scale Politics of Cross-Cultural Research Projects - Social/Cultural Transmission and Creation of Knowledge - Collaborative and Participatory Research - Constructing Legitimacy Making Sense, Reaching Conclusions Postscript Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources Notes 4. Empowering Methodologies: Feminist and Indigenous Approaches, Jay T.
Johnson and Clare Madge Chapter Overview Introduction Feminist Research Practice Indigenous Research Using Empowering Methods 1. Approaching the Research 2. Doing the Research 3. The Politics of the Research Summary: A Critical Reflection Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercise Useful Resources Acknowledgement 5. Writing a Compelling Research Proposal, Janice Monk and Richard Bedford Chapter Overview The Research Challenge Where Do Research Ideas Come From? Getting Started Specifying Your Research Question Framing Your Research Developing Your Methodology Writing the Proposal Seeking Funding for Research A Concluding Comment Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources Notes 6. Qualitative Research Design and Rigour Chapter Overview Introduction Asking Research Questions - From Asking Research Questions to Conducting Research Selecting Cases and Participants - Selecting Cases - Selecting Participants - Participant Selection - How Many Participants? Ensuring Rigour Final Comments Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 7. Case Studies in Qualitative Research, Jamie Baxter Chapter Overview What Is a Case Study? The historical development of the case study N=1 and the Importance of Depth and Context Types of Case Studies - Theory Testing and Theory Generating cases - Case Studies across Time and Space Are Case Studies Generalizable? Conclusion Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources Notes Part II "Doing" Qualitative Research in Human Geography 8. Interviewing, Kevin Dunn Chapter Overview Interviewing in Geography - Types of Interviewing - Strengths of Interviewing Interview Design - The Interview Schedule or Guide Types of Questions - Ordering Questions and Topics Structured Interviewing Semi-Structured Interviewing Unstructured Interviewing Interviewing Practice - Contact - The Interview Relation - Closing the Interview Recording and Transcribing Interviews - Recording - Transcribing the Data - Assembling Field Note Files Analyzing Interview Data Presenting Interview Data Interviews Using Computer-Mediated Communication - Advantages of CMC Interviewing - Challenges of CMC Interviewing - Strategies for good CMC Interviews Conclusion Key Terms Review Exercises Review Questions Useful Resources 9.
Oral History and Human Geography, Karen George and Elaine Stratford Chapter Overview Introduction What is Oral History and Why use It in Geographical Research? How is Oral History Different from Interviewing? - Starting Ethically - Getting to Know Your Participant - The Preliminary Meeting - Sensitive Issues - Multiple Interviews - The Question of Questions - Interview Structure - Questioning the Source - Sound Quality, Interview Sites, and Other Technical Issues Why and How to Make Oral History Accessible Uses of Oral History - Spreading the Word Last Words Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 10. Focusing on the Focus Group, Jenny Cameron Chapter Overview What are Focus Groups? Using Focus Groups in Geography Planning and Conducting Focus Groups - Selecting Participants - Composition of Focus Groups - Size and Number of Groups - Recruiting Participants - Questions and Topics - Conducting Focus Groups - Online Focus Groups Analyzing and Presenting Results Conclusion Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 11. Historical Research and Archival Sources, Michael Roche Chapter Overview Introduction What is Archival Research? Advice on Conducting Good Historical and Archival Research Challenges of Archival Research Ethics and Archives Presenting the Results of Archival Research Conclusion Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercise Useful Resources Notes 12. Using Questionnaires in Qualitative Human Geography, Pauline M. McGuirk and Phillip O''Neill Chapter Overview Introduction Questionnaire Design and Format Sampling Pre-Testing Modes of Questionnaire Distribution Maximizing Questionnaire Response Rates Analyzing Questionnaire Data Conclusion Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercise Useful Resources 13. Visual Methodology, Jim Craine and Colin Gardner Chapter Overview Visual Methods in Geography Psychoanalysis and Semiotics Discourse Analysis Exploring the Virtual Geovisualization as Method Conclusion Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 14. Doing Foucauldian Discourse Analysis - Revealing Social Identities, Gordon Waitt Chapter Overview Introducing Discourse Analysis Doing Foucauldian Discourse Analysis - Choice of Source Materials or Texts - Suspend Pre-Existing Categories: Become Reflexive - Familiarization: Absorbing Yourself In and Thinking Critically About the Social Context of Your Source Materials - Coding: Once for Organization and Again for Interpretation - Power, Knowledge, and Persuasion: Investigate your source materials for "Effects of Truth" - Resilience and Rupture: Take Note of inconsistencies within your sources - Silences: Silence as Discourse and Discourses that Silence Reflecting on Doing Foucauldian Discourse Analysis Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 15. Placing Observation in the Research Toolkit, Robin A.
Kearns Chapter Overview Purposes of Observation Types of Observation Participant Observation Power, Knowledge, and Observation Stages of Participant Observation - Choice of Setting - Access - Field Relations - Talking and Listening - Recording Data - Analysis and Presentation - Ethical Obligations Reflecting on the Method Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources 16. New Media, Jamie Winders Chapter Overview What are New Media? Thinking Spatially about and With New Media What New Media Do Who Are We on New Media? Who Are We With? Putting It All Together Key Terms Review Question Review Exercises Useful Resources Notes 17. Empowering Approaches: Participatory Action Research, Sara Kindon Chapter Overview What is Participatory Action Research? Conducting "Good" Participatory Action Research The Value and Rewards of Participatory Action Research Challenges and Strategies Presenting Results Reflecting on Participatory Action Research Key Terms Review Questions Review Exercises Useful Resources Notes Part III "Interpreting and Communicating" Qualitative Research 18. Organizing and Analyzing Qualitative Data, Meghan Cope Cha.