PREFACE TO THE 2011 EDITION xxi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 PART I HISTORICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER 2 SYNTHETIC A UDIO: A BRIEF HISTORY 9 CHAPTER 3 SPEECH ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW 21 CHAPTER 4 BRIEF HISTORY OF AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION 40 CHAPTER 5 SPEECH-RECOGNITION OVERVIEW 59 PART II MATHEMATICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER 6 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 73 CHAPTER 7 DIGITAL FILTERSAND DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM 87 CHAPTER 8 PATTERN CLASSIFICATION 105 CHAPTER 9 STATISTICAL PATTERN CLASSIFICATION 124 PART III ACOUSTICS CHAPTER 10 WAVE BASICS 141 CHAPTER 11 ACOUSTIC TUBE MODELING OF SPEECH PRODUCTION 152 CHAPTER 12 MUSICAL INSTRUMENT ACOUSTICS 158 CHAPTER 13 ROOM ACOUSTICS 179 PART IV AUDITORY PERCEPTION CHAPTER 14 EAR PHYSIOLOGY 193 CHAPTER 15 PSYCHOACOUSTICS 209 CHAPTER 16 MODELS OF PITCH PERCEPTION 218 CHAPTER 17 SPEECH PERCEPTION 232 CHAPTER 18 HUMAN SPEECH RECOGNITION 250 PART V SPEECH FEATURES CHAPTER 19 THE AUDITORY SYSTEM AS A FILTER BANK 263 CHAPTER 20 THE CEPSTRUM AS A SPECTRAL ANALYZER 277 CHAPTER 21 LINEAR PREDICTION 286 PART VI A UTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION CHAPTER 22 FEATURE EXTRACTION FOR ASR 301 CHAPTER 23 LINGUISTIC CATEGORIES FOR SPEECH RECOGNITION 319 CHAPTER 24 DETERMINISTIC SEQUENCE RECOGNITION FOR ASR 337 CHAPTER 25 STATISTICAL SEQUENCE RECOGNITION 350 CHAPTER 26 STATISTICAL MODEL TRAINING 364 CHAPTER 27 DISCRIMINANT ACOUSTIC PROBABILITY ESTIMATION 381 CHAPTER 28 ACOUSTIC MODEL TRAINING: FURTHER TOPICS 394 CHAPTER 29 SPEECH RECOGNITION AND UNDERSTANDING 416 PART VII SYNTHESIS AND CODING CHAPTER 30 SPEECH SYNTHESIS 431 CHAPTER 31 PITCH DETECTION 455 CHAPTER 32 VOCODERS 473 CHAPTER 33 LOW-RATE VOCODERS 493 CHAPTER 34 MEDIUM-RATE AND HIGH-RATE VOCODERS 505 CHAPTER 35 PERCEPTUAL A UDIO CODING 531 PART VIII OTHER APPLICATIONS CHAPTER 36 SOME ASPECTS OF COMPUTER MUSIC SYNTHESIS 553 CHAPTER 37 MUSIC SIGNAL ANALYSIS 567 CHAPTER 38 MUSIC RETRIEVAL 581 CHAPTER 39 SOURCE SEPARATION 59 CHAPTER 40 SPEECH TRANSFORMATIONS 617 CHAPTER 41 SPEAKER VERIFICATION 633 CHAPTER 42 SPEAKER DIARIZATION 644.